Philippines country information

Common names: Almang, Bakasi, Endong
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: occasional (usually not seen) | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Also Ref. 13724, 48613, 53416, 94476.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Murène voie lactée, Whitemouth moray, Guineafowl moray, ... more

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) > Muraenidae (Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Shaw.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; zoet water; brak water rifbewoner; diepte 0 - 51 m (Ref. 58302). Tropical; 38°N - 36°S, 18°E - 129°W

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Indo-Pacific: East Africa (Ref. 33390) to Marquesas and Mangaréva, north to the Ryukyu and Hawaiian islands, south to Lord Howe Island. Southeast Atlantic: South Africa.

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 1602); common length : 80.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 30573)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 0; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 0; Wervels: 127 - 132. Mouth white inside, contrasting the outer dark skin with small white spots (Ref. 30404, 48635).

Occurs in coral-rich areas of lagoon and seaward reefs from depths of 1 m to at least 36 m. Prefers very shallow depth and juveniles often in intertidal zones (Ref. 30404). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Often seen hunting during low tide among partly exposed reefs (Ref. 48635). Feeds mainly on fishes, also on crustaceans, by day and probably also at night (Ref. 13550). Caught with various nets (Ref. 30573). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 86942.

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

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Chen, H.-M., K.-T. Shao and C.T. Chen, 1994. A review of the muraenid eels (Family Muraenidae) from Taiwan with descriptions of twelve new records. Zool. Stud. 33(1):44-64. (Ref. 6934)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 17 August 2011

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; Aquarium: Commercieel

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.5 - 29, mean 28 (based on 1172 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00059 (0.00038 - 0.00091), b=3.32 (3.19 - 3.45), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.70 se; based on food items.

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): Zeer laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd meer dan 14 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Gymnothorax meleagris (Shaw, 1795)