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Gymnothorax undulatus (Lacepède, 1803)

Undulated moray
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Gymnothorax undulatus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Gymnothorax undulatus (Undulated moray)
Gymnothorax undulatus
Picture by Randall, J.E.


Philippines country information

Common names: Bakasi, Bakasi, Hagmang
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Also Ref. 393, 4690.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Herre, A.W.C.T., 1953
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) 鰻鱺目 (Eels and morays) > Muraenidae (Moray eels) 鯙科 (Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Lacepède.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 110 m (Ref. 58302).   熱帶; 32°N - 28°S

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa, including Walters Shoal (Ref. 33390) and Persian Gulf (Ref. 68964) to French Polynesia, north to southern Japan and the Hawaiian Islands, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef. Eastern Central Pacific: Costa Rica and Panama (Ref. 9324).
印度-太平洋: 紅海與東非, 包括沃爾特淺灘 (參考文獻 33390) 到法屬玻里尼西亞, 北至日本南部與夏威夷群島, 南至大堡礁的南方。 中太平洋東部: 哥斯大黎加與巴拿馬.(參考文獻 9324)

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?, range 77 - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1602)

簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 0; 脊椎骨: 126 - 138. Distinctive pattern of light undulating lines and speckles on a dark green background. Snout often yellow (Ref. 30404).
在深綠色的背景上的特殊花紋的淡波浪線與小的斑點。 吻時常黃色的.(參考文獻 30404)

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

A common species on reef flats among rocks, rubble, or debris and also occurs in lagoons and seaward reefs to depths of 26 m or more. Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 86942. Cavernicolous (Ref. 8593, 58302). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Nocturnal species that feeds on fishes, octopi, and probably crustaceans. Reported to be an aggressive species and prone to bite. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).

一種常見的在岩石,碎石或殘礫之中的礁石平臺上的種而且也出現於潟湖與臨海礁石到深度 26個公尺或更多中。 穴居姓.(參考文獻 8593,58302) 底棲的.(參考文獻 58302) 夜行的種捕食魚,章魚, 與可能甲殼動物。 報告是一個侵略性種與有咬的傾向。 被用於中藥材.。 (參考文獻 12166)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

印度-太平洋: 紅海與東非, 包括沃爾特淺灘 (參考文獻 33390) 到法屬玻里尼西亞, 北至日本南部與夏威夷群島, 南至大堡礁的南方。 中太平洋東部: 哥斯大黎加與巴拿馬.(參考文獻 9324)

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Chen, H.-M., K.-T. Shao and C.T. Chen, 1994. A review of the muraenid eels (Family Muraenidae) from Taiwan with descriptions of twelve new records. Zool. Stud. 33(1):44-64. (Ref. 6934)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 18 August 2011

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  有雪卡魚毒中毒的報導 (Ref. 4690)




人類使用

漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 商業性
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource | 周邊海洋

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.3 - 29, mean 28 (based on 1810 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00065 (0.00041 - 0.00103), b=3.28 (3.15 - 3.41), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.6   ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   Medium.