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Siganus spinus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Little spinefoot
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Siganus spinus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Siganus spinus (Little spinefoot)
Siganus spinus
Picture by Greenfield, J.


Philippines country information

Common names: Alama, Balawis, Balawis
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from Siargao Island (Ref. 58652), Bolinao, Pangasinan (Ref. 87989), Nasugbu, Batangas (Ref. 107853), Davao Gulf, Sarangani Bay, Paril-Sangay Protected Seascape, Moro Gulf (Ref. 106380) and Leyte Gulf (Ref. 68980). Museum: AMS I. 22411; BPBM 26504. Also Ref. 1419.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Werner, T.B. and G.R. Allen, 2000
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Siganidae (Rabbitfishes)
Etymology: Siganus: Latin, siganus = a fish, rabbit fish; by the similarity of the nose (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

marino asociado a arrecife; rango de profundidad 1 - 50 m (Ref. 28016), usually 1 - 20 m (Ref. 27115).   Tropical; 24°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115); 30°N - 30°S, 77°E - 129°W

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Known from India to French Polynesia; north to Japan; south to New Caledonia.

Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 9710); common length : 18.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 9813)

Short description Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total) : 13; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 10; Espinas anales: 7; Radios blandos anales: 9; Vértebra: 13. The species can adopt a number of camouflage patterns involving off-white, pale gray to blackish, and various shades of brown. The basic pattern consists of a labyrinth of narrow bands with upper half vermiculate, the lower ones tend to meander horizontally. This pattern extends to the fins. Iris golden dissected by a chocolate cross. 4-5 irregular off-white bars on caudal peduncle. Scales fine on cheeks, densely packed over lower 2/3 of preopercular region. Midline of thorax without scales between pelvic ridges. Fin spines stout, pungent, venomous. Preopercular angle 87-100 degrees.

Biología     Glosario (por ej. epibenthic)

Adults inhabit shallow coral reef flats. Found in rivers (Ref. 12792, 48637). Occurs in small schools (usually less than 10 individuals). Juveniles gather in larger numbers in corals with algae-grown at their bases (Ref. 48637). Initially, they browse on fine textured, e.g. filamentous algae, switching to coarser algae with increasing size. Both adults and juveniles are diurnal feeders (Ref. 4666). Fry are marketed fresh, pickled in brine or made into fish paste (Ref. 9813). Can inflict painful stings (Ref. 4690).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproducción | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador : Woodland, David J. | Colaboradores

Woodland, D.J., 1990. Revision of the fish family Siganidae with descriptions of two new species and comments on distribution and biology. Indo-Pac. Fish. (19):136 p. (Ref. 1419)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 March 2015

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Venomous (Ref. 4690)




Human uses

Pesquerías: escaso valor comercial; Acuario: Comercial
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Más información

Life cycle
Reproducción
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larva
Dinámica larvaria
Distribution
Países
Áreas FAO
Ecosistemas
Ocurrencias, apariciones
Introducciones
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
Cerebros
Otolitos
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Tipo de natación
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Sonidos de peces
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Genética
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Perfiles de acuicultura
Razas
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Colaboradores
References
Referencias

Herramientas

Special reports

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Fuentes de Internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.6 - 29, mean 28 (based on 950 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01950 (0.01284 - 0.02961), b=3.01 (2.89 - 3.13), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278):  2.0   ±0.03 se; based on food items.
Resiliencia (Ref. 120179):  Alto, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo inferior a 15 meses (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Prior r = 1.20, 95% CL = 0.79 - 1.80, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   High.