Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; air tawar; payau dasar (demersal); pH range: 7.5 - 8.2; dH range: 18 - 30; anadromus (ruaya dari laut ke air tawar). Tropical; 24°C - 32°C (Ref. 2059); 3°S - 19°S
Western Pacific: northern Australia and southern New Guinea.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 44894)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 1; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 7; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 15 - 19.
Adults inhabit freshwater rivers and lagoons, as well as brackish estuaries and coastal marine waters. Can tolerate temperatures from 11°C to 38°C. Large groups of juveniles are often encountered (Ref. 44894). Feed on arthropods, insects, aquatic plants, mollusks, prawns, crayfish, fishes and bottom detritus. Nest is constructed among gravel where eggs are deposited forming a mound (Ref. 205). The only species among oral incubating ariids exhibiting no parental care (Ref. 205). Breeding takes place from September to February (Ref. 44894). Marine populations of A. graeffei appear to undertake extensive anadromous migrations associated with breeding, but no such movements were observed in the fluviatile population studied (Ref. 38559).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Nest is constructed among gravel where eggs are deposited forming a mound (Ref. 205). The only species among oral incubating Ariidae exhibiting no parental care (Ref. 205).
Allen, G.R., 1989. Freshwater fishes of Australia. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 5259)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
ancaman kepada manusia
Traumatogenic (Ref. 58010)
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 26.7 - 28.7, mean 27.9 (based on 270 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00384 - 0.01719), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100).