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Caracanthus unipinna (Gray, 1831)

Pygmy coral croucher
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Caracanthus unipinna   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Caracanthus unipinna (Pygmy coral croucher)
Caracanthus unipinna
Picture by Randall, J.E.

Japan country information

Common names: Watage-dango-okoze
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs in southern Japan and the Ogasawara Islands (Ref. 33390). First collected in Kakeroma Island of the Amami Islands from 1976 to 1977 (Ref. 37683). Also Ref. 2334, 37816.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.maff.go.jp/eindex.html
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Coral croucher, Penny velvetfish, Pigmy croucher, ... more

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Perciformes/Scorpaenoidei (Scorpionfishes) > Scorpaenidae (Scorpionfishes or rockfishes) > Caracanthinae
Etymology: Caracanthus: Greek, kara = face + Greek, akantha = thorn (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Gray.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 1 - 15 m (Ref. 86942).   Tropical; 32°N - 24°S

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Tuamoto Islands, north to southern Japan and the Ogasawara Islands, south to the Great Barrier Reef.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2334)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 7 - 8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 12 - 13; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 11 - 12. Uniformly dark species that has smaller, but longer tubercles than C. maculatus and lacks a notch in the dorsal fin.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Found among branches of Stylophora mordax and certain Acropora corals (Ref. 9710). It never ventures outside the confines of the coral head where it swims between the branches foraging for other coral-dwelling types (Ref. 275). Anterolateral glandular groove with venom gland; at least in dorsal-fin spines (Ref. 57406).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 March 2015

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Venomous (Ref. 57406)




Human uses

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

More information

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 25.4 - 29.3, mean 28.3 (based on 2461 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5625   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00906 - 0.04395), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm Total Length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.6   ±0.59 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).