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Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Hensel, 1868)

Dusky millions fish
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Image of Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Dusky millions fish)
Phalloceros caudimaculatus
Male picture by Sazima, I.


Brazil country information

Common names: Barrigudinho, Guaru, Guaru guaru
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Recorded from the Pardo River (Ref. 27745), Caracu and Sao Pedro streams, tributaries of the Paraná river (Ref. 26076). Found in Córrego Barreiro (Ref. 53011). Also recorded from the Patos lagoon (Ref. 58359). Also Ref. 1739.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Pavanelli, C.S. and E.P. Caramaschi, 1997
National Database:

Common names from other countries

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Cyprinodontiformes (Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) > Poeciliidae (Poeciliids) > Poeciliinae
Etymology: Phalloceros: Greek, phallos = penis + Greek, keras = horn (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

; 淡水; 半咸淡水 大洋性; pH range: 7.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19; 非迁移的.   熱帶; 20°C - 24°C (Ref. 1672)

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

South America: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil southward to Uruguay and Argentina (Ref. 9086). Introduced mainly for mosquito control (Ref. 1739). At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction.
南美洲: 巴西里約熱內盧向南至烏拉圭與巴拉圭。 主要地為控制蚊子引入。 (參考文獻 1739) 至少一個國家報告引入後的不利的生態衝擊。

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 3.5 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26681); 6.0 cm TL (female)

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背的软条 (总数) : 7 - 9. Dorsal fin short; pectoral fin small, not reaching back to level of pelvic fin bases; body and fins covered with a profusion of black patches; tip of gonopodium of male with a distinctly downturned hook (Ref 54372).
背鳍短; 胸鳍小的, 不向后到腹鳍基底的水平; 身体与鳍覆盖着一个大量的黑色区块了; 生殖足的顶端雄鱼有一个明显地向下弯曲的钩 (参考文献 54372).

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Inhabits swamps and drains of Perth metropolitan area, Western Australia (Ref. 44894). Omnivorous.

栖息于柏斯的沼泽与排水沟大都市的区域 (WA) 。 (参考文献 44894) 杂食性。

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

After about 24 days gestation, 10 to 50 young are born.南美洲: 巴西里約熱內盧向南至烏拉圭與巴拉圭。 主要地為控制蚊子引入。 (參考文獻 1739) 至少一個國家報告引入後的不利的生態衝擊。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 November 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

潜能有害之物




人类利用

渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Ecology
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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00437 - 0.01737), b=3.15 (2.98 - 3.32), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.0   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.