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Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Hensel, 1868)

Dusky millions fish
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Image of Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Dusky millions fish)
Phalloceros caudimaculatus
Male picture by Sazima, I.


Brazil country information

Common names: Barrigudinho, Guaru, Guaru guaru
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Recorded from the Pardo River (Ref. 27745), Caracu and Sao Pedro streams, tributaries of the Paraná river (Ref. 26076). Found in Córrego Barreiro (Ref. 53011). Also recorded from the Patos lagoon (Ref. 58359). Also Ref. 1739.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Pavanelli, C.S. and E.P. Caramaschi, 1997
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Κοινά ονόματα | Συνώνυμα | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cyprinodontiformes (Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) > Poeciliidae (Poeciliids) > Poeciliinae
Etymology: Phalloceros: Greek, phallos = penis + Greek, keras = horn (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Οικολογία

; Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο Πελαγικό(ά); pH range: 7.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19; μη μεταναστευτικό(ά).   Tropical; 20°C - 24°C (Ref. 1672)

Κατανομή Χώρες | Περιοχές FAO | Οικοσυστήματα | Παρουσίες | Point map | Εισαγωγές | Faunafri

South America: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil southward to Uruguay and Argentina (Ref. 9086). Introduced mainly for mosquito control (Ref. 1739). At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction.

Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 3.5 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 26681); 6.0 cm TL (female)

Short description Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία

Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 7 - 9. Dorsal fin short; pectoral fin small, not reaching back to level of pelvic fin bases; body and fins covered with a profusion of black patches; tip of gonopodium of male with a distinctly downturned hook (Ref 54372).

Βιολογία     Γλωσσάρι (π.χ. epibenthic)

Inhabits swamps and drains of Perth metropolitan area, Western Australia (Ref. 44894). Omnivorous.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες

After about 24 days gestation, 10 to 50 young are born.

Main reference Upload your references | Αναφορές | Συντονιστής | Συνεργάτες

Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 November 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans





Human uses

αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Ενυδρείο: Εμπορικό(ά)
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

Περισσότερες πληροφορίες

Trophic ecology
Τροφικά αντικείμενα
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Θηρευτές
Ecology
Οικολογία
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Αναπαραγωγή
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Προνύμφες
Δυναμική προνυμφών
Anatomy
Gill areas
Εγκέφαλοι
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Κολυμβητικός τύπος
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Ήχοι ψαριών
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Γενετική
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Προφίλ υδατοκαλλιεργειών
Στελέχοι
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
References
Αναφορές

Εργαλεία

Special reports

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Διαδικτυακές πηγές

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00437 - 0.01737), b=3.15 (2.98 - 3.32), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref. 69278):  3.0   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref. 120179):  Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.