Oreochromis niloticus was reported from 110 countries/islands


Table 1: the species is currently present in 104 of them (endemic, native, introduced);
Table 2: possible in 0 of them (stray, questionable);
Table 3: absent from 6 of them (extirpated, not established, misidentification, error).
Table 4: all reports listed together.

Distribution: Africa: naturally occurring in coastal rivers of Israel (Ref. 5166), Nile basin (including lake Albert, Edward and Tana), Jebel Marra, Lake Kivu, Lake Tanganyika, Awash River, various Ethiopian lakes, Omo River system, Lake Turkana, Suguta River and Lake Baringo (Ref. 2). In West Africa natural distribution covers the basins of the Senegal, Gambia, Volta, Niger, Benue and Chad, with introduced specimens reported from various coastal basins (Ref. 53405). Widely introduced for aquaculture, with many existing strains. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction. The following subspecies were previously recognized: Oreochromis niloticus baringoensis, Oreochromis niloticus cancellatus, Oreochromis niloticus eduardianus, Oreochromis niloticus filoa, Oreochromis niloticus niloticus, Oreochromis niloticus sugutae, Oreochromis niloticus tana and Oreochromis niloticus vulcani.
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Table 1: Present in 104 countries/islands (endemic, native, introduced)
Continent Country Occurrence Main Ref.
Europe Albania ALB introduced 125501
Africa Angola AGO introduced 120641
Asia Bangladesh BGD introduced 44085
Europe Belgium BEL introduced 1739
South America Bolivia BOL introduced 1739
Africa Botswana BWA introduced 74657
South America Brazil BRA introduced 92328
Asia Brunei Darsm BRN introduced 12228
Africa Burkina Faso BFA native 2
Africa Burundi BDI native 5166
Asia Cambodia KHM introduced 12228
Africa Cameroon CMR native 2
Africa Central Afr. Rp CAF introduced 53405
Africa Chad TCD native 2
Asia China CHN introduced 1739
South America Colombia COL introduced 1739
Africa Comoros COM introduced 2
Africa Congo COG introduced 88
Africa Congo Dem Rp COD native 2
North America Costa Rica CRI introduced 1739
North America Cuba CUB introduced 1739
Asia Cyprus CYP introduced 1739
Europe Czechia CZE introduced 1739
North America Dominican Rp DOM introduced 1739
South America Ecuador ECU introduced 1739
Africa Egypt EGY native 2
North America El Salvador SLV introduced 1739
Africa Eritrea ERI introduced 6529
Africa Ethiopia ETH native 2
Oceania Fiji FJI introduced 6366
Africa Gabon GAB introduced 12228
South America Galapagos Is. GOS introduced 74657
Africa Gambia GMB native 2
Africa Ghana GHA native 53405
Europe Greece GRC introduced 59043
North America Grenada GRD introduced 26042
North America Guatemala GTM introduced 1739
Africa Guinea GIN native 53405
South America Guyana GUY introduced 46247
North America Haiti HTI introduced 1739
North America Honduras HND introduced 1739
Asia Hong Kong HKG introduced 1739
Asia India IND introduced 1739
Asia Indonesia IDN introduced 7050
Asia Iran IRN introduced 39702
Asia Israel ISR native 2
Europe Italy ITA introduced 59043
Africa Ivory coast CIV native 53405
North America Jamaica JAM introduced 12228
Asia Japan JPN introduced 559
Africa Kenya KEN native 52331
Oceania Kiribati KIR introduced 12228
Asia Korea (South) KOR introduced 77001
Asia Laos LAO introduced 43281
Africa Liberia LBR introduced 12228
Africa Madagascar MDG introduced 26236
Asia Malaysia MYS introduced 1739
Africa Mali MLI native 53405
Africa Mauritius MUS introduced 1739
North America Mexico MEX introduced 1739
Africa Mozambique MOZ introduced 52307
Asia Myanmar MMR introduced 58843
Asia Nepal NPL introduced 9496
North America Neth Antilles ANT introduced 26042
Oceania New Caledonia NCL introduced 86942
North America Nicaragua NIC introduced 1739
Africa Niger NER native 53405
Africa Nigeria NGA native 53405
Asia Oman OMN introduced 129076
Asia Pakistan PAK introduced 51161
North America Panama PAN introduced 1739
South America Peru PER introduced 1739
Asia Philippines PHL introduced 6096
North America Puerto Rico PRI introduced 13498
Africa Reunion I. REU introduced 13246
Africa Rwanda RWA native 2
Africa Sao Tome Princ. STP introduced 28179
Asia Saudi Arabia SAU introduced 104
Africa Senegal SEN native 53405
Africa Sierra Leone SLE introduced 12228
Asia Singapore SGP introduced 38466
Europe Slovakia SVK introduced 1739
Africa South Africa ZAF introduced 1739
Africa South Sudan SSD native 28714
Asia Sri Lanka LKA introduced 6028
North America St Lucia LCA introduced 12228
North America St Vincent Gren. VCT introduced 26042
Africa Sudan SDN native 120561
Asia Syria SYR introduced 370
Asia Taiwan/Ch Taipei TWN introduced 1739
Africa Tanzania TZA introduced 118630
Asia Thailand THA introduced 1739
Africa Togo TGO native 12228
North America Trinidad Tobago TTO introduced 26042
Africa Tunisia TUN introduced 1739
Asia Turkey TUR introduced 57271
Africa Uganda UGA native 2
Europe UK GBR introduced 88
Asia United Arab Em. ARE introduced 129076
North America USA USA introduced 166
Asia Viet Nam VNM introduced 1739
Asia Yemen YEM introduced 129076
Africa Zambia ZMB native 2
Africa Zimbabwe ZWE introduced 1739

Table 3: Absent from 6 country/island (extirpated, not established, misidentification, error)
Continent Country Occurrence Main Ref.
Africa Algeria DZA not established 87900
Europe France FRA not established 6056
Europe Germany DEU not established 1739
Asia Iraq IRQ not established 27435
Europe Malta MLT not established 12228
Europe UK Engld Wal GBE not established 183

Table 4: Reported from 110 countries/islands.
Continent Country Occurrence Main Ref.
Europe Albania ALB introduced 125501
Africa Algeria DZA not established 87900
Africa Angola AGO introduced 120641
Asia Bangladesh BGD introduced 44085
Europe Belgium BEL introduced 1739
South America Bolivia BOL introduced 1739
Africa Botswana BWA introduced 74657
South America Brazil BRA introduced 92328
Asia Brunei Darsm BRN introduced 12228
Africa Burkina Faso BFA native 2
Africa Burundi BDI native 5166
Asia Cambodia KHM introduced 12228
Africa Cameroon CMR native 2
Africa Central Afr. Rp CAF introduced 53405
Africa Chad TCD native 2
Asia China CHN introduced 1739
South America Colombia COL introduced 1739
Africa Comoros COM introduced 2
Africa Congo COG introduced 88
Africa Congo Dem Rp COD native 2
North America Costa Rica CRI introduced 1739
North America Cuba CUB introduced 1739
Asia Cyprus CYP introduced 1739
Europe Czechia CZE introduced 1739
North America Dominican Rp DOM introduced 1739
South America Ecuador ECU introduced 1739
Africa Egypt EGY native 2
North America El Salvador SLV introduced 1739
Africa Eritrea ERI introduced 6529
Africa Ethiopia ETH native 2
Oceania Fiji FJI introduced 6366
Europe France FRA not established 6056
Africa Gabon GAB introduced 12228
South America Galapagos Is. GOS introduced 74657
Africa Gambia GMB native 2
Europe Germany DEU not established 1739
Africa Ghana GHA native 53405
Europe Greece GRC introduced 59043
North America Grenada GRD introduced 26042
North America Guatemala GTM introduced 1739
Africa Guinea GIN native 53405
South America Guyana GUY introduced 46247
North America Haiti HTI introduced 1739
North America Honduras HND introduced 1739
Asia Hong Kong HKG introduced 1739
Asia India IND introduced 1739
Asia Indonesia IDN introduced 7050
Asia Iran IRN introduced 39702
Asia Iraq IRQ not established 27435
Asia Israel ISR native 2
Europe Italy ITA introduced 59043
Africa Ivory coast CIV native 53405
North America Jamaica JAM introduced 12228
Asia Japan JPN introduced 559
Africa Kenya KEN native 52331
Oceania Kiribati KIR introduced 12228
Asia Korea (South) KOR introduced 77001
Asia Laos LAO introduced 43281
Africa Liberia LBR introduced 12228
Africa Madagascar MDG introduced 26236
Asia Malaysia MYS introduced 1739
Africa Mali MLI native 53405
Europe Malta MLT not established 12228
Africa Mauritius MUS introduced 1739
North America Mexico MEX introduced 1739
Africa Mozambique MOZ introduced 52307
Asia Myanmar MMR introduced 58843
Asia Nepal NPL introduced 9496
North America Neth Antilles ANT introduced 26042
Oceania New Caledonia NCL introduced 86942
North America Nicaragua NIC introduced 1739
Africa Niger NER native 53405
Africa Nigeria NGA native 53405
Asia Oman OMN introduced 129076
Asia Pakistan PAK introduced 51161
North America Panama PAN introduced 1739
South America Peru PER introduced 1739
Asia Philippines PHL introduced 6096
North America Puerto Rico PRI introduced 13498
Africa Reunion I. REU introduced 13246
Africa Rwanda RWA native 2
Africa Sao Tome Princ. STP introduced 28179
Asia Saudi Arabia SAU introduced 104
Africa Senegal SEN native 53405
Africa Sierra Leone SLE introduced 12228
Asia Singapore SGP introduced 38466
Europe Slovakia SVK introduced 1739
Africa South Africa ZAF introduced 1739
Africa South Sudan SSD native 28714
Asia Sri Lanka LKA introduced 6028
North America St Lucia LCA introduced 12228
North America St Vincent Gren. VCT introduced 26042
Africa Sudan SDN native 120561
Asia Syria SYR introduced 370
Asia Taiwan/Ch Taipei TWN introduced 1739
Africa Tanzania TZA introduced 118630
Asia Thailand THA introduced 1739
Africa Togo TGO native 12228
North America Trinidad Tobago TTO introduced 26042
Africa Tunisia TUN introduced 1739
Asia Turkey TUR introduced 57271
Africa Uganda UGA native 2
Europe UK GBR introduced 88
Europe UK Engld Wal GBE not established 183
Asia United Arab Em. ARE introduced 129076
North America USA USA introduced 166
Asia Viet Nam VNM introduced 1739
Asia Yemen YEM introduced 129076
Africa Zambia ZMB native 2
Africa Zimbabwe ZWE introduced 1739
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The map in this page was supported by BioFresh that has received funding from the
European Union's Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 226874

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