Morphology Data of Tylochromis trewavasae
Identification keys
Abnormalities
Main Ref. Stiassny, M.L.J., 1989
Appearance refers to
Bones in OsteoBase

Sex attributes

Specialized organs
Different appearance
Different colors
Remarks

Descriptive characteristics of juvenile and adult

Striking features
Body shape lateral
Cross section
Dorsal head profile
Type of eyes
Type of mouth/snout
Position of mouth
Type of scales
Diagnosis

Diagnosis: 13 or fewer gill-rakers along lower limb of first arch; 38 lateral line scales; head length 35.2% SL; predorsal length 44.3% SL; rapid rise in dorsal spine length from 1st to 4th; pectoral fins reach to level of spinous anal fin (Ref. 52346).

Description: relatively elongate, slender bodied and large headed; deepest depth along back a little anterior to dorsal fin origin; predorsal profile rises steeply over snout at an angle of about 60° to the horizontal, angle decreases markedly over orbit then rises again, less steeply, to origin of dorsal fin (Ref. 52346, 81260). Lower jaw slightly inclined from horizontal when mouth is closed; lips thickened and fleshy; lower pharyngeal jaw robust and heavily ossified (Ref. 52346). Rakers along lower limb of first arch stout, crenate (Ref. 53784, Ref. 52346) and well spaced (Ref. 52346). First hypobranchial raker simple and elongate; epibranchial rakers relatively elongate; 38 lateral line scales (Ref. 52346). Upper lateral line terminates well in advance of end of soft dorsal (Ref. 52346, 81260), below 7th ray from free end of fin (Ref. 52346). Terminal canal bearing scales do not descend scale rows; ventral and dorsal branch of lateral line on caudal fin well developed and extend almost to fin periphery; median caudal branch less distinct and extends 1/3 of the way along the fin; dorsal fin spines increase in length extremely rapidly to fourth, and are then more or less equal in length (Ref. 52346). First and second dorsal fin spines considerably longer than in other Tylochromis species; pectoral fin relatively long, reaching to/beyond level of spinous anal (Ref. 52346, 81260). Anal fin rounded; first branched pelvic ray filamentous and produced to level of first soft anal ray (Ref. 52346). Caudal fin emarginate (Ref. 52307, 52346, 53784) and only very finely scaled along dorsal and ventral regions, medially fin scaling restricted to proximal half of fin (Ref. 52346).

Coloration: no data on live coloration; preserved specimen: pale yellow/brown on dorsum and flanks, silvery along ventrum (Ref. 52346, 81260). Most body scales with a silvery center (Ref. 52307). Upper lip and ethmoidal region smoky grey (Ref. 52307, 52346), as is length of dorsum just below dorsal fin (Ref. 52346). Throat and lower lip white; often with a red stripe in corner of mouth; breast reddish (Ref. 52307). Well marked nape band extends down onto operculum where it merges with a relatively extensive opercular blotch (Ref. 52346, 81260). Red-brown stripe directly in front of nape band (Ref. 52307). 6 strong and relatively broad vertical stripes extend down flanks to well below midline (Ref. 52346, 81260). 1-2 short stripes, which extend only a few scale rows down the dorsum, are interspersed between the full body stripes (Ref. 52346). Dorsal fin smoky grey and spotted with numerous rows of medium sized pale maculae (Ref. 52307, 52346, 81260). Anal fin slightly smoky but lacks any trace of maculae (Ref. 52346). Pelvic fins reddish (Ref. 52307). Filamentous first branched pelvic ray creamy white (Ref. 52346).

Ease of Identification

Meristic characteristics of Tylochromis trewavasae

Lateral Lines Interrupted: No
Scales on lateral line
Pored lateral line scales
Scales in lateral series
Scale rows above lateral line
Scale rows below lateral line
Scales around caudal peduncle
Barbels 0
Gill clefts (sharks/rays only)
Gill rakers
on lower limb 12
on upper limb 7
total 19
Vertebrae
preanal
total 28

Fins

Dorsal fin(s)

Attributes
Fins number 1
Finlets No. Dorsal   0
Ventral  0
Spines total 14
Soft-rays total 14
Adipose fin absent

Caudal fin

Attributes

Anal fin(s)

Fins number 1
Spines total 3
Soft-rays total 7

Paired fins

Pectoral Attributes  
Spines     
Soft-rays   
Pelvics Attributes  
Position    
Spines     
Soft-rays   
Main Ref. (e.g. 9948)
Glossary ( e.g. cephalopods )
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