| Main Ref. | Menezes, N.A., A.L. Netto-Ferreira and K.M. Ferreira, 2009 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks | Presence of a cup-shaped anal-fin gland in sexually active males which is absent in females. Presence of gill glands in sexually active males but not in females. There is slight difference of the anterior anal-fin profile of males and females (Ref. 81197). |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | cycloid scales |
| Diagnosis |
A conspicuous dark blotch present at the humeral region. Scales rows between dorsal-fin origin and anal-fin origin 7-8. Mature males with anal-fin gland cup-shaped, its lower part much more developed than the upper (Ref. 81197). Description: Dorsal-fin rays ii,8; anal-fin rays iv,17-19; pectoral-fin rays i,11-12; pelvic-fin rays i,7 (Ref. 81197). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | 36 - 39 |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | 13 - 15 |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | 10 - 13 |
| on upper limb | 5 - 7 |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total | 36 - 38 |
| Attributes | no striking attributes |
| Fins number | |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 10 - 10 |
| Adipose fin | present |
| Attributes | forked |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 21 - 23 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 12 - 13 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes more or less normal |
| Position abdominal before origin of D1 | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 8 - 8 |