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| Sound produced | yes, active sound production |
| Type of sound produced | courtship associated sounds and territorial displays of males |
| Sound production organ | swim bladder |
| Sound mechanism | vibration by contraction of associated muscles (probably similar as in Epinephelusstriatus) |
| Behavioural context | courtship displays between males and females and territorial displays by males recorded in situ during the spawning aggregation in western Puerto Rico |
| Reference | Mann, D.A., J.V. Locascio, M.T. Schärer, M.I. Nemeth and R.S. Appeldoorn, 2010 |
| Remark | raw files of recordings |