分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes) >
Ariidae (Sea catfishes) > Ariinae
Etymology: Cathorops: Greek, kathorao = to observe, to watch + Greek, ops = appearance (Ref. 45335); spixii: The name is dedicated to the ichthyologist of the 19th century, J.B. de Spix (Ref. 35381).
More on author: Agassiz.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 50 m (Ref. 5217). 熱帶; 13°N - 23°S, 77°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Atlantic and Caribbean rivers and estuaries from Colombia to Brazil.
南美洲: 來自哥倫比亞到巴西的大西洋與加勒比海的河與河口。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 16.4, range 10 - 22.4 cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3265); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3265); 最大体重: 97.50 g (Ref. 118626)
3 pairs of barbels on rostral region, 2 pairs on lower jaw, 1 pair on posterior end of maxilla; body dark brown or black dorsally, pale yellow ventrally; fin membranes brown, with small black spots (Ref. 13608). Head is widely flattened from above, nostril rounded, mouth inferior. The cephalic surface hardly reaches the level of the eyes (Ref. 35381).
三对触须在嘴的区域上,2 对在下颌上, 在颚骨的后端上的 1对; 身体深褐色或黑色的背面, 白黄色的腹地; 鳍薄膜褐色, 有小的黑色斑点。 (参考文献 13608) 头部是很平从上方, 鼻孔圆形的, 嘴下方的。 头部的表面刚刚达到眼的水平。 (参考文献 35381)
Found in shallow coastal marine waters and brackish estuaries, lagoons and river mouths. Also in hypersaline waters (Ref. 5217). Feeds mainly on invertebrates and small fishes. Juveniles feed on amphipods, isopods and copepods (Ref. 35381). Flesh considered good quality (Ref. 5217). Sold locally.
发现于水浅的海洋沿岸水域与半咸淡的河口,泻湖与河口了。 也在高盐度的水域中.(参考文献 5217) 主要吃无脊椎动物与小鱼。 稚鱼吃片脚类动物,等足目动物与桡脚类的动物。 (参考文献 35381) 肉被认为是好品质。 (参考文献 5217) 地方性地贩卖。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
南美洲: 來自哥倫比亞到巴西的大西洋與加勒比海的河與河口。
Marceniuk, A.P. and C.J. Ferraris Jr., 2003. Ariidae (Sea catfishes). p. 447-455. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 39852)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.9 - 28.2, mean 27.4 °C (based on 118 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00611 - 0.00858), b=3.04 (2.99 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 122 [59, 299] mg/100g; Iron = 1 [1, 2] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [15, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.267 [0.142, 0.513] g/100g; Selenium = 44.3 [21.0, 99.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 37.5 [12.6, 116.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.71 [1.12, 2.74] mg/100g (wet weight);