分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Micropogonias: Greek, mikros = small + greek, pogon = beard (Ref. 45335).
Issue
The species Micropogonias opercularis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) is considered as valid in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Jul. 2010: Ref. 84883) according to López et al. (2002: Ref. 80900).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 ? - 60 m (Ref. 9626), usually 20 - 40 m (Ref. 9626). 亞熱帶的; 27°N - 36°S, 84°W - 34°W (Ref. 54591)
Western to Southwest Atlantic: Greater Antilles and from Costa Rica to Argentina (Ref. 9626). Also reported in Nicaragua (Ref. 13613). Also reported in Brazil (Ref. 118626).
西大西洋: 大安地列斯群島與從哥斯大黎加到阿根廷.(參考文獻 9626) 也在尼加拉瓜報告。 (參考文獻 13613)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 30.6 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 27363); common length : 45.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 27363); 最大体重: 55.30 g (Ref. 118626); 最大年龄: 7 年 (Ref. 27)
背棘 (总数): 11; 背的软条 (总数): 26-30; 臀棘 2; 臀鳍软条: 7 - 9. Body silvery with a golden cast, back greyish, with distinct oblique dark streaks along scale rows extending to much below lateral line; spinous dorsal without small dark dots (Ref. 27363).
银色的身体有金的外貌, 背面略灰色的, 有明显的斜深色条纹沿着延伸至的鳞片列多在侧线下; 刺状的背部没有小的深色点.(参考文献 27363)
Found over muddy and sandy bottoms in coastal waters and in estuaries where the nursery and feeding grounds are located. Adults form schools. Feeding habits vary with ontogenic development and season; juveniles feed on benthic migratory crustaceans and sessile boring mollusks while adults are benthos-feeders and occasionally capture fish (Ref. 27). Undergoes seasonal migration. An important food fish which is usually marketed fresh and salted.
在沿岸水域与育幼与觅食场被设置的河口发现在泥泞多沙的底部上了。 形成鱼群。 食性因个体的发展与季节而改变 ; 稚鱼吃底栖的回游甲壳动物与固着的钻孔软件动物虽然成鱼是底生生物-捕食者而且偶然地猎捕鱼.(参考文献 27) 历经季节性的迁移。 一个重要的食用鱼通常是生鲜销售与盐腌的。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 大安地列斯群島與從哥斯大黎加到阿根廷.(參考文獻 9626) 也在尼加拉瓜報告。 (參考文獻 13613)
Isaac, V.J., 1988. Synopsis of biological data on the whitemouth croaker, Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823). FAO Fish. Synop. (150). (Ref. 27)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.5 - 28, mean 26.6 °C (based on 196 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00774 - 0.01126), b=3.02 (2.96 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.1 (4.3 - 8.5) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.12-0.18; tmax=7).
Prior r = 0.71, 95% CL = 0.47 - 1.06, Based on 4 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 82.4 [47.1, 158.8] mg/100g; Iron = 1.07 [0.58, 1.86] mg/100g; Protein = 20 [18, 22] %; Omega3 = 0.265 [0.134, 0.513] g/100g; Selenium = 28.3 [15.5, 53.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.34 [2.76, 23.48] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.86 [0.63, 1.26] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
