分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Gempylidae (Snake mackerels)
Etymology: Nesiarchus: Greek, nesiarches = governor of an island (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 深度上下限 200 - 1200 m (Ref. 6181). 深水域; 70°N - 47°S, 180°W - 180°E
Probably distributed worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas except in eastern Pacific and northern Indian oceans. Large-sized individuals stray in cold-temperate waters off Iceland, Norway, northern Japan and southern New Zealand (Ref. 6181). Reported from 19°41'S, 79°11'W (Ref. 11892).
可能分佈全世界的熱帶與亞熱帶的海洋除了東太平洋與印度洋北部。 大型的個體在寒冷-溫帶水域外海的冰島，挪威，日本北部與紐西蘭南部迷路。 (參考文獻 6181) 記錄來自 19 ° 41'S,79 ° 11' W了。 (參考文獻 11892)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 130 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6181); common length : 80.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6181)
背棘 (总数): 20 - 22; 背的软条 (总数): 19-24; 臀棘 2; 臀鳍软条: 18 - 21; 脊椎骨: 34 - 36. Body fairly elongate and strongly compressed. Mouth with fang-like teeth. The tips of both jaws with dermal processes. Gill rakers degenerated. Color is dark brown with violet tint; fin membranes black; margin of anus black (Ref. 6181).
身体相当延长与非常扁长形的。 嘴部具有尖牙状的齿。 用表皮的突起双颚的顶端。 鳃耙退化。 色彩是深褐色的有紫罗兰色的色彩; 鳍薄膜黑色; 肛门黑色的边缘.(参考文献 6181)
Adults, benthopelagic to mesopelagic, dwell on the continental slope or underwater rises, migrating to midwater at night (Ref. 6181). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 6766). Larvae and juveniles, epipelagic to mesopelagic, are rather common in oceanic ichthyoplankton and are only found in the tropics (Ref. 6181). Feed on squid, fish and crustaceans (Ref. 6181). Consumed as food (Ref. 4537).
成鱼 , 大洋底栖性鱼种到中层带, 居住在大陆斜坡或者被洄游至中层水域在晚上的在水中的隆起上.(参考文献 6181) 仔鱼与稚鱼 , 表层带到海洋中层带的鱼种, 是相当常见于大洋性的浮游鱼类而且只被发现于热带.(参考文献 6181) 吃乌贼，鱼与甲壳动物。 (参考文献 6181) 被当作食物.(参考文献 4537)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
可能分佈全世界的熱帶與亞熱帶的海洋除了東太平洋與印度洋北部。 大型的個體在寒冷-溫帶水域外海的冰島，挪威，日本北部與紐西蘭南部迷路。 (參考文獻 6181) 記錄來自 19 ° 41'S,79 ° 11' W了。 (參考文獻 11892)
Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.6 - 14.3, mean 9.6 °C (based on 988 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00363 (0.00163 - 0.00807), b=3.10 (2.91 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.71 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 10.7 [5.1, 22.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.283 [0.121, 0.617] mg/100g; Protein = 16.5 [14.4, 18.5] %; Omega3 = 0.266 [0.107, 0.654] g/100g; Selenium = 20.2 [5.3, 65.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.7 [3.3, 68.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.266 [0.129, 0.522] mg/100g (wet weight);
