Carcharodon carcharias, Great white shark : fisheries, gamefish

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Carcharodon carcharias (Linnaeus, 1758)

Great white shark
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Carcharodon carcharias   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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klasifikasi / Names Nama-nama umum | Sinonim (persamaan) | Catalog of Fishes(Marga, Jenis) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Ikan bertulang rawan (sharks and rays) > Lamniformes (Mackerel sharks) > Lamnidae (Mackerel sharks or white shark)
Etymology: Carcharodon: carchar-, presumably referring to Carcharias (Odontaspidae); odon (Gr.), tooth, “Teeth as in Carchari[a]s, serrated on both edges”. (See ETYFish);  carcharias: From the Ancient Greek karkharías, shark, derived from kárkharos, sharp or jagged, referring to its teeth (“dentibus serratus”). (See ETYFish).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

laut; payau; oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 0 - 1200 m (Ref. 106604), usually 0 - 250 m (Ref. 55270). Subtropical; 61°N - 58°S, 180°W - 180°E

Penyebaran Negara-negara | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ecosystems | Kemunculan | Point map | Introduksi | Faunafri

Worldwide. Very wide-ranging in most oceans; among the greatest habitat and geographic range of any fish, tolerating temperatures of 5°-25°C.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur

Maturity: Lm 475.0, range 450 - 500 cm
Max length : 640 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 12489); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 0.00 g; Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 36 Tahun (Ref. 31395)

deskripsi pendek Morfologi | Morfometrik

Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)): 0; Duri dubur 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 0. A huge, spindle-shaped shark with conspicuous black eyes, a blunt, conical snout and large, triangular, saw-edged teeth (Ref. 5578). First dorsal-fin origin usually over the pectoral-fin inner margins (Ref. 43278, 6871). Caudal fin crescentic (Ref. 247). Lead-grey to brown or black above, lighter on sides, and abruptly white below (Ref. 6851). Black spot at rear pectoral fin base (Ref. 6851).

Biologi     Daftar kata (contoh epibenthic)

Primarily a coastal and offshore inhabitant of continental and insular shelves, but may also occur off oceanic islands far from land (Ref. 247, 43278, 58302). Often close inshore to the surf line and even penetrates shallow bays (Ref. 247). Maximum depth of 700 fathoms (or 1280 m) reported by Bigelow & Schroeder, 1948 is erroneous (Francis et al., 2012 in Ref. 106604). Pelagic, capable of migration across oceanic regions (Ref. 58302). Usually solitary or in pairs but can be found in feeding aggregations of 10 or more; does not form schools (Ref. 247). Feeds on bony fishes, sharks, rays, seals, dolphins and porpoises, sea birds, carrion, squid, octopi and crabs (Ref. 5578) and whales (Ref. 32140). Ovoviviparous, embryos feeding on yolk sac and other ova produced by the mother (Ref. 43278, 50449). Number of young born per litter, 7 (Ref. 31395) to 14 (Ref. 26346). Reported by some experts to attack humans which they mistake for their normal prey (Ref. 47). Most attacks occur in estuaries. Caught by big-game anglers and line boats for its jaws (Ref. 5578). Reported to cause poisoning (Ref. 4690). Flesh is utilized fresh, dried-salted, and smoked for human consumption, the skin for leather, liver for oil, carcass for fishmeal, fins for shark-fin soup, and teeth and jaws for decorations (Ref. 13574). Maximum total length is leading to much speculation and some measurements are found to be doubtful. Possibly to 6.4 m or more in length (Ref. 43278), considered the world's largest predator with a broad prey spectrum. The record of 10.98 m is incorrect (Ref. 13574). Maximum total length for male from Ref. 91029. Sometimes considered the most dangerous shark in the world (Ref. 26938).

Life cycle and mating behavior Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding on other ova produced by the mother (oophagy) after the yolk sac is absorbed (Ref. 50449). Up to 10, possibly 14 young born at 120-150 cm (Ref. 26346). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Male and female may swim in parallel while copulating (Ref. 28042, 49562).

rujukan utama Upload your references | Acuan | Koordinator : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | mitra

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)

  Rentan, lihat daftar merah IUCN (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 07 November 2018

CITES


ancaman kepada manusia

  Traumatogenic (Ref. 247)





penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil; Ikan buruan: ya
FAO - Perikanan: landings, profail spesis; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

informasi lanjut

Nama-nama umum
Sinonim (persamaan)
metabolisme
Pemangsa
Ekotoksikologi
Reproduksi, perkembang biakan
Kematangan
Pemijahan
Spawning aggregation
Fecundity
telur-telur
pekembangan telor
Acuan
Budidaya air
profil budidaya air
Strain
Genetika
Electrophoreses
Diturunkan
Penyakit-penyakit
Pengolahan
Nutrients
Mass conversion
mitra
Gambar
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Suara-suara
Ciguatera
Kecepatan
Tipe renang
Area insang
Otoliths
Otak
Penglihatan / visi

Alat, peralatan

laporan khas

muat turun XML

Sumber internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | semak peneliti ikan | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Marga, Jenis | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - Perikanan: landings, profail spesis; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genom, Nukleotida | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Pangkalan data nasional | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: pergi, Cari | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 11.3 - 24.9, mean 18.1 °C (based on 4368 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0313   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00623 - 0.01217), b=3.05 (2.96 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Ref. 120179):  sangat rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum lebih dari 14 tahun (K=0.06; tm=8-12; tmax=36; Fec=7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (86 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High vulnerability (60 of 100).
kategori harga (Ref. 80766):   Low.