Epinephelus timorensis, Yellowspotted grouper

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Epinephelus timorensis Randall & Allen, 1987

Yellowspotted grouper
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Epinephelus timorensis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Epinephelus timorensis (Yellowspotted grouper)
Epinephelus timorensis
Picture by Thaman, R.R.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Randall & Allen.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 73 - 210 m (Ref. 5222). 熱帶; 1°N - 23°S, 115°E - 177°W (Ref. 5222)

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Eastern Indian Ocean: Western Australia. Eastern Central Pacific: American Samoa and the Phoenix Islands.
東印度洋: 西澳大利亞。 中太平洋東部: 美屬薩摩亞群島與鳳凰島。

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 71.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 125599); 最大體重: 4.5 kg (Ref. 125599)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數): 11; 背的軟條 (總數): 16-17; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. Preopercle angle with 2 - 4 distinctly enlarged serrae; upper edge of the operculum straight or nearly so; nostrils small, subequal; maxilla extends to below rear half of the eye. Color is pale brownish gray with yellow or golden brown spots on the head, nape and chest. A row of dark yellowish brown spots along the margin of the soft dorsal and anal fins and the rear edge of the caudal fin. Pelvic fins with yellowish brown and whitish streaks and a few yellowish brown spots distally. Further characterized by body depth contained 2.7-3.4 times in SL; head length 2.4-2.7 times in SL; flat to convex interorbital area; 2-4 distinctly enlarged serrae at preoopercle angle; upper edge of operculum nearly straight or straight; small anterior and posterior nostril, subequal; maxilla extends to below rear half of eye; 2 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw (Ref. 89707).
前鰓蓋骨角有兩個 - 4 明顯地增大了鋸齒; 鰓蓋直線的上緣或很接近; 鼻孔小的, 幾乎相等的; 顎骨在後面一半的眼之下延伸到。 色彩是淡褐色的在頭部,後頸與胸上灰色的有黃色或金褐色斑點。 一排深色的土黃色斑點沿著軟背鰭與臀鰭與尾鰭的後緣的邊緣。 末梢部地的腹鰭有土黃色與微白色的條紋與一些土黃色斑點。

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Nothing has been published on the biology of this rare species. The apparent rarity of this species is probably a result of its deep-water habitat and the fact that it was only recently described as a new species.

在這稀有的種的生物學特性上尚未有任何文獻報告。 可能是一個它的深水域棲息地的結果與它最近只有被描述為一個新種的事實的這種的明顯稀有性。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

東印度洋: 西澳大利亞。 中太平洋東部: 美屬薩摩亞群島與鳳凰島。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 November 2016

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





人類使用

漁業: 沒有興趣
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 21.4 - 25.3, mean 23.3 °C (based on 34 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00556 - 0.01641), b=3.00 (2.86 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.9   ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 122 [54, 276] mg/100g; Iron = 1.04 [0.50, 2.42] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.9, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 0.253 [0.133, 0.476] g/100g; Selenium = 58.1 [28.2, 130.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 68.7 [16.7, 285.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.46 [0.92, 2.38] mg/100g (wet weight);