分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) >
Squatiniformes (Angel sharks)
琵琶鮫目 (Angel sharks) >
Squatinidae (Angel sharks)
琵琶鮫科(Angel sharks) (Angel sharks)
Etymology: Squatina: Latin for skate, which angel sharks superficially resemble, presumably tautonymous with Squalus squatina Linnaeus 1758 (no species mentioned). (See ETYFish); californica: -ica (L.), belonging to: California (USA), referring to type locality in San Francisco Bay. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Ayres.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 3 - 205 m (Ref. 9253), usually 3 - 46 m (Ref. 54903). 亞熱帶的; 52°N - 7°N, 130°W - 77°W
Eastern Pacific: Canada to Gulf of California, south to Panama.
東太平洋: 阿拉斯加州東南方到加州灣; 哥斯大黎加到智利南部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 97.0, range 86 - 108 cm
Max length : 152 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 247); 最大年龄: 35 年 (Ref. 6147)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 0; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 0
Found on the continental shelf and littoral areas (Ref. 247).A sluggish and inactive species that buries itself in sand or mud (Ref. 247). Also found around rocks, heads of submarine canyons, and sometimes near kelp forests (Ref. 247). Feeds on bottom and epibenthic fishes, including croakers, California halibut, and squid (Ref. 247). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Can whip up its head and snap very quickly when touched, provoked, harassed, or speared, and can inflict painful lacerations (Ref. 247).
栖息于大陆架与沿海地区区域了。 (参考文献 247)掩藏于沙或泥中的一个缓动性而不活跃的种.(参考文献 247) 也岩石，海中峡谷的头部周围发现, 与有时在海藻林的附近.(参考文献 247) 吃底部而浅海底栖鱼,包括嗄嗄叫, 加州大比目鱼 , 与乌贼.(参考文献 247) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449) 能突然抬起它的头部而且非常快地猛咬当接触,激怒,被攻击, 或猎杀了, 而且能施放令人痛苦的撕裂.(参考文献 247)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).東太平洋: 阿拉斯加州東南方到加州灣; 哥斯大黎加到智利南部。
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
更多信息
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12.5 - 25.9, mean 21 °C (based on 60 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00293 - 0.01558), b=3.07 (2.88 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (K=0.15-0.16; tm=8-13; tmax=35; Fec=6).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 17.5 [3.6, 86.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.795 [0.206, 2.275] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [17.8, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.363 [0.162, 0.801] g/100g; Selenium = 26.5 [7.5, 76.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.99 [3.53, 27.74] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.421 [0.203, 0.760] mg/100g (wet weight);
