分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) >
Squaliformes (Sleeper and dogfish sharks)
棘鮫目 (Sleeper and dogfish sharks) >
Dalatiidae (Sleeper sharks)
黑鮫科 (Sleeper sharks)
Etymology: Squaliolus: Diminutive of squalus (L.), a sea-fish, usually applied to sharks, referring to small size of S. laticaudus. (See ETYFish); laticaudus: latus (L.), wide or broad; cauda (L.), tail, referring to its broad (but short) caudal fin. (See ETYFish).
More on authors: Smith & Radcliffe.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海区的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 200 - 1200 m (Ref. 27000). 深水域; 48°N - 40°S, 180°W - 180°E
Nearly circumtropical. Western Atlantic: off Bermuda, southern Brazil, and northern Argentina. Eastern Atlantic: off France and Madeira. Western Indian Ocean: off Somalia. Western Pacific: Japan, Taiwan and Philippines (Ref. 13748), as well as Australia (Ref. 7300).
幾乎 circumtropical。 西大西洋: 外海的百慕達群島，巴西南部與阿根廷北部。 東大西洋: 外海的法國與馬得拉群島。 西印度洋: 外海的索馬利亞。 西太平洋: 日本，台灣與菲律賓 (參考文獻 13748), 以及澳洲.(參考文獻 7300)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 18.5, range 17 - 20 cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 247); 25.0 cm TL (female)
背棘 (总数): 1; 背的软条 (总数): 0; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 0. The spined pygmy shark Squaliolus laticaudus is a very small dogfish (about 25cm) with a large eye (diameter 73-86% of interorbital width), upper margin nearly straight; upper lip without papillae (Ref. 31367, 6871). Color: dark with conspicuously light-margined fins (Ref. 247) . Edge of fins with bright border (Ref. 43998).
S. laticaudus is the type species of the genus which has the following distinctive features: fin spine on its first dorsal fin but not on its second dorsal fin; second dorsal fin long-based and low, about twice the length of first dorsal fin base; first dorsal-fin base closer to pectoral fins than to pelvic fins; and caudal fin nearly symmetrical, paddle-shaped, with subterminal notch present; low lateral keels on caudal peduncle . Body cigar-shaped; snout very long, bulbously conical but slightly pointed; mouth ventral; lips thin; teeth strongly different in both jaws, uppers small, narrow and erect cusps, lowers larger, blade-like and semi erect. Tooth rows 22-23/16-21. (Ref. 247, 6871).
有背骨的矮鲨 Squaliolus laticaudus 是具有一个大的眼 (直径 73-86% 的眼间骨宽度) ，上缘的一只非常小的狗鲨 (大约 25 公分) 几乎是直的; 没有乳突的上嘴唇.(参考文献 31367,6871) 颜色: 深色且有显着边缘发亮的鳍。 (参考文献 247) 鳍的边缘有明亮的边缘。 (参考文献 43998)
S. laticaudus 是有下列的特殊特徵的本属的方式种: 鳍棘在它的第一背鳍但是不在它的第二背鳍鳍上; 第二背鳍鳍基底长而低的, 大约长度两倍于第一背鳍鳍基底; 第一背鳍鳍基底更靠近胸鳍超过对腹鳍; 而且尾鳍几乎对称，桨状的, 与接近端位的凹槽呈现; 低的侧龙骨在尾梗上。 身体雪茄-形状的; 吻非常长的, 凸起锥形但是微尖的; 嘴腹面; 唇细的; 齿双颚明显不同, 上面的小，狭窄的与直立的尖头, 低的比较大的, 刀剑状的与半竖立。 齿列 22-23/16-21. (参考文献 247,6871).
An oceanic, wide-ranging, tropical pelagic species occurring near continental and insular land masses, sometimes over the shelves, but usually over the slopes (Ref. 247). Displays vertical migrations on a diel cycle, seen at the bottom during the day and travels to 200 m at night (Ref. 247). Feeds on deepwater squid, lanternfish, gonostomatids and idiacanthids, and probably follows its prey on their diel migrations (Ref. 247). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). Has well-developed photophores densely covering the ventral part of the body and sparsely seen on the sides and hardly developed on the dorsal surface (Ref. 247).
栖息于靠近大陆与海岛的大陆区块的一个大洋性的﹐广泛分布﹐和热带的大洋性鱼种, 有时在架之上, 但是通常在斜坡上面.(参考文献 247) 在底部被见到在白天期间而且对 200 公尺移动在晚上的一个日周期性的周期上的显现垂直性回游.(参考文献 247) 吃深水的乌贼，灯笼鱼, 钻光鱼与 idiacanthids, 而且可能在他们的日周期性回游上跟随它的猎物。 (参考文献 247) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 205) 有侧边上浓密地包含的身体的腹部份而且稀疏地见到的发展良好的发光器而且刚刚在背部表面上发展了。 (參考文獻 247)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Probably ovoviviparous. Twelve mature eggs have been found in a single ovary of a mature female but this does not imply that large litters are produced (Ref. 247). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).幾乎 circumtropical。 西大西洋: 外海的百慕達群島，巴西南部與阿根廷北部。 東大西洋: 外海的法國與馬得拉群島。 西印度洋: 外海的索馬利亞。 西太平洋: 日本，台灣與菲律賓 (參考文獻 13748), 以及澳洲.(參考文獻 7300)
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.1 - 14.6, mean 10 °C (based on 649 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7520 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00372 (0.00141 - 0.00976), b=3.12 (2.89 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.1 [2.2, 91.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.273 [0.062, 1.162] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.0, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.179 [0.048, 0.671] g/100g; Selenium = 8.32 [1.83, 33.05] μg/100g; VitaminA = 95.1 [10.1, 921.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.651 [0.261, 1.877] mg/100g (wet weight);
