分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts)
仿石鱸科 (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Rhonciscus: Diminutive of ρογκοζ (snoring)..
More on authors: Jordan & Evermann.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性. 熱帶; 21°C - 30°C (Ref. 36880); 37°N -
Central and South America: Pacific drainages from Baja California, Mexico to Peru.
中美洲與南美洲: 來自墨西哥的下加利福尼亞到祕魯的太平洋的流域。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 51.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 33.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9114); 最大體重: 1.6 kg (Ref. 4699)
Body oblong, somewhat compressed, and not deep (depth contained 3.1 to 3.8 times in standard length); mouth large, terminal, and almost horizontal, its posterior edge located at the same level as the anterior rim of the eye; first gill arch with 7 to 9 gill rakers; dorsal fin notched, with 12 to 13 spines and 12 soft rays (XII-XIII, 12); pectoral fins short, not reaching distal edge of pelvic fins; second anal spine longer and thicker than third; back olive green; belly silvery; entire body iridescent (Ref. 55763).
Benthic-pelagic species of coastal waters which may enter rivers (Ref. 55763). Apparently confined to fresh waters, ascending rivers with moderate currents (Ref. 9114). More abundant near the outlets of rivers and creeks, but not in brackish or marine waters. Reaches at least 640 m elevation and inhabits currents of low to moderate velocity. Feed on crustaceans and fish (Ref. 36880). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9114).
侷限於淡水了, 溯溪且水流平穩的地方.(參考文獻 9114) 更豐富的在河與小溪的出口附近, 但是不在半鹹淡水或海洋中。 達到最少 640 公尺海拔而且居住於低到中速度的水流。 捕食甲殼類動物和魚類。 (參考文獻 36880) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。 (參考文獻 9114)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).中美洲與南美洲: 來自墨西哥的下加利福尼亞到祕魯的太平洋的流域。
McKay, R.J. and M. Schneider, 1995. Haemulidae. Burros, corocoros, chulas, gallinazos, roncos. p. 1136-1173. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9114)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 February 2020
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
更多資訊
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 27.1, mean 25.9 °C (based on 10 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00528 - 0.01575), b=2.91 (2.77 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
