分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Characiformes (Characins)
脂鯉目 (Characins) >
Citharinidae (Lutefishes)
琴脂鯉科 (Lutefishes)
Etymology: Citharinus: Latin, cithara = lire like instrument (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 2059)
Africa: Gambia, Senegal, Niger, Volta, Ouémé, Chad (Ref. 2938, 7095, 81281) and Nile basins (Ref. 28714). Also known from Lake Turkana (Ref. 2938, 7095) and Lake Albert (Ref. 4903). Previously, 2 subspecies were recognized: Citharinus citharus citharus and Citharinus citharus intermedius.
非洲: 蘇丹形式發現於塞內加爾，甘比亞，尼日，佛塔河， Oueme 與查德了。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 18 - ? cm
Max length : 58.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2938); 最大體重: 7.0 kg (Ref. 7095)
簡短描述
型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背的軟條 (總數): 17-21; 臀鰭軟條: 26 - 31. Diagnosis: body depth 1.8-2.7x and head length 3.0-4.1x SL; caudal peduncle 0.7-1.4x long than deep; short snout, slightly prominent; snout 0.7-1.6x eye diameter; eye diameter 3.7-6.1x head length; adipose-fin base shorter than distance separating it from rayed dorsal fin (ratio adipose base/distance to rayed dorsal is 0.5-0.8); pectoral fins 0.5-1.1x head length; cycloid scales; scale formula 22.5-25.5/77-92/22.5-25.5; 77-92 scales in longitudinal line; 17.5-20.5 scales between lateral line and pelvic fin; 17-21 dorsal fin branched rays; 26-30 anal fin branched rays (Ref. 2938, 81281).
體高 1.8-2.7 x, 頭長 3.0-4.1 x SL。 尾柄 0.7-1.4 x 長的超過高度地。 短吻些微突出 0.7-1.6個 x 眼睛的直徑 (3.7-6.1個 x 頭長). 來自背鰭的脂肪的基底短 0.5-0.8個 x 它的距離。 胸的 0.5-1.1個 x 頭長。 銀色的身體，胸鰭與尾鰭上葉淺灰色的, 尾鰭下葉與臀鰭紅色。 脂鰭基部黑色。
Common in large rivers of the Sudan region (Ref. 7095).
常見於蘇丹區域的大河。 (參考文獻 7095)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Total spawner (Ref. 56313).非洲: 蘇丹形式發現於塞內加爾，甘比亞，尼日，佛塔河， Oueme 與查德了。
Gosse, J.-P., 1990. Citharinidae. p. 261-268. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2938)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5195 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00670 - 0.02594), b=2.87 (2.69 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.13-0.59; Fec=685,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 100 [42, 246] mg/100g; Iron = 1.72 [0.84, 4.11] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.0, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.324 [0.124, 0.908] g/100g; Selenium = 105 [42, 255] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.5 [3.0, 35.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.54 [1.02, 2.41] mg/100g (wet weight);
