分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 27 - 364 m (Ref. 5951), usually 36 - 91 m (Ref. 5951). 溫帶; 54°N - 37°N
Northwest Atlantic: southern Labrador, Canada to Chesapeake Bay, USA.
西北大西洋: 在加拿大到切薩皮克海灣，美國的拉布拉多南部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 29.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7251); 最大體重: 1.5 kg (Ref. 9988); 最大年齡: 12 年 (Ref. 6286)
Adults inhabit sandy to muddy bottoms (Ref. 7251). Prefer depths of 37 to 82 m at temperatures of 3-5°C (Ref. 6263). Feed mainly on polychaete worms and amphipods, shrimps, isopods and other crustaceans and occasionally small fish such as sand lance and capelin (Ref. 12232). Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Marketed fresh or frozen; eaten steamed, fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
成魚棲息於砂質或泥質底部。 (參考文獻 7251) 在 3-5 °C 的溫度偏愛深度 37 到 82 公尺。 (參考文獻 6263) 主要捕食多毛類的蠕蟲與片腳類動物，蝦, 等足目動物與其他的甲殼動物與偶然地小魚例如沙子鎗矛與 capelin.(參考文獻 12232) 分批產卵者.(參考文獻 51846) 生鮮或冷凍地在市場上銷售; 清蒸, 油炸, 微波.而且燒烤..(參考文獻 9988)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西北大西洋: 在加拿大到切薩皮克海灣，美國的拉布拉多南部。
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 實驗的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.4 - 9.7, mean 2.6 °C (based on 134 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00608 - 0.00787), b=3.07 (3.03 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (rm=0.69; K=0.3; tm=2-6; tmax=12).
Prior r = 0.91, 95% CL = 0.60 - 1.37, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 13.9 [6.1, 57.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.279 [0.138, 0.547] mg/100g; Protein = 16 [14, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.344 [0.167, 0.704] g/100g; Selenium = 13.5 [4.7, 50.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.36 [1.02, 28.90] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.261 [0.139, 0.635] mg/100g (wet weight);
