Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien bathypelagisch; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 0 - 4416 m (Ref. 58018), usually 300 - 1500 m (Ref. 58302). Deep-water; 80°N - 67°S, 180°W - 180°E
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: in tropical and subtropical waters. Southern Ocean: a single specimen recorded near Bouvet Island (56°30'S, 14°29'E). Eastern Pacific: California Current region (Ref. 35800). South China Sea (Ref.74511).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 6.3 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 59089); 6.5 cm SL (female)
Dorsale stekels (totaal): 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 13-15; Anale stekels 0; Anale zachte stralen: 18 - 20; Wervels: 30 - 32. Light to dark brown or grey-brown in color (Ref. 3991). Branchiostegal rays: 13-15 (Ref. 35800).
Oceanic, deep-mesopelagic (Ref. 4769, 58302) and bathypelagic (Ref. 58302). Usually vertically oriented during the day (Ref. 4769). Nocturnal feeder (Ref. 9186) on copepods (Ref. 4769). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 35800).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Gon, O., 1990. Gonostomatidae. p. 116-122. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. 462 p. (Ref. 5162)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van geen belang
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.9 - 12.3, mean 5.5 °C (based on 3390 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00316 (0.00160 - 0.00625), b=2.94 (2.76 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.53 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.8, Fecundity assumed < 1000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).
