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Siluriformes (Catfishes) >
Ariidae (Sea catfishes) > Ariinae
Etymology: Carlarius: First part of the generic name honors Dr. Carl Ferraris, Research Associate at the California Academy of Sciences for his contribution to the knowledge of Siluriformes fishes and continuous support and encouragement throughout the development of this work; the second part is from the frequently used generic name Arius..
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển; Thuộc về nước lợ gần đáy; Mức độ sâu ? - 70 m (Ref. 6541), usually ? - 30 m (Ref. 6541). Tropical
Eastern Atlantic: coastal waters from Senegal to Angola (Ref. 3546, 3876, 7367, 57224). One record from Fernando Poo (Ref. 6541, 89460). Also reported from various river estuaries.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm 27.5, range 27 - 28 cm
Max length : 85.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 33115); common length : 40.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 2683)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng): 1; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng): 7; Tia cứng vây hậu môn 0; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 13 - 14. Diagnosis: body elongated and rounded, head broad and only slightly flattened above, snout rounded, mouth inferior; osseous head shield coarsely rugose, fairly visible through the skin; occipital process prominently broad at base, tapering posteriorly, with a median keel; predorsal plate very rugose, short and crescent-shaped; premaxillary teeth villiform, forming a plate slightly curved; palatine teeth in two pairs of patches, an anterior subquadrate pair and a posterior elongated pair, the anterior one wider and continuous with the posterior patch; no gill-rakers on posterior (inner) face of the first and second branchial arches; total number of anterior gill-rakers: on 1st arch 17-22, on 2nd arch 18-23 (Ref. 3546, 7367, 57224, 81640). Dorsal and pectoral fins with a strong serrated, erectile spine; adipose fin well developed (Ref. 57224, 81640).
Mainly marine but frequently found in brackish estuaries, sometimes enters freshwater (Ref. 3876). Frequent in lagoons (Ref. 7367). Common during winter (Ref. 2683). Feeds on fish, benthic invertebrates, zooplankton and detritus (Ref. 28587). Wide range of diet including a high percentage of penaeid and other prawns, crabs, polychaetes, fish and molluscs (Ref. 57352, 81640). Eggs very few, spherical, very large (16-17 mm diameter); males practise buccal incubation (Ref. 57224) during which it seems the species continues to feed (Ref. 81640). Ornamental and sometimes considered aquaria fish (Ref. 27121), the fish is venomous and can be dangerous to humans (Ref. 12484).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Các trứng | Sự sinh sản | Ấu trùng
Schneider, W., 1990. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Prepared and published with the support of the FAO Regional Office for Africa. Rome: FAO. 268 p. (Ref. 2683)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Human uses
Các nghề cá: Tính thương mại
Thêm thông tin
Các tài liệu tham khảoNuôi trồng thủy sảnTổng quan nuôi trồng thủy sảnCác giốngDi truyềnElectrophoresesDi sảnCác bệnhChế biếnNutrientsMass conversion
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22 - 27.9, mean 26.2 °C (based on 64 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00384 - 0.01719), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 7.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): thấp, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 4.5 - 14 năm (K=0.15).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (55 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 124 [27, 311] mg/100g; Iron = 0.964 [0.620, 1.615] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [15.7, 19.2] %; Omega3 = 0.245 [0.140, 0.433] g/100g; Selenium = 66.7 [36.8, 127.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.4 [6.4, 32.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.39 [0.54, 7.40] mg/100g (wet weight);
