分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水; 降海洄游 (Ref. 51243). 溫帶; 9°C - 27°C (Ref. 2906); 26°S - 33°S
Oceania: Georges River northwards to the Burnett River in Australia.
大洋洲: 喬治湖河向北至在澳洲的伯內特河。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 38.0, range 36 - 40 cm
Max length : 81.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2906); common length : 35.0 cm NG 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2906); 最大體重: 7.5 kg (Ref. 2906); 最大年齡: 14 年 (Ref. 44894)
Often occur in small groups in deep pools where stream flow is slow. Inhabit deep, gently flowing sections of rivers. Also occur in estuaries and coastal seas during spawning runs. Tolerant of temperatures between 9° and 27°C. Form small shoals (Ref. 44894). Mainly herbivorous. Feed on filamentous green algae, microscopic plants and animals as well as detritus. Also consume benthic invertebrates. Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Spawn in estuaries or at sea following a downstream migration in summer. Peak spawning activity is in February. Sexual maturity is reached after 4 years at a length of about 30 centimeters. Maximum life span is approximately 14 years (Ref. 44894).
時常在水流慢的深水池中出現在小群魚群。 深地棲息於,逐漸地流動河的部分。 在產卵迴游的時候也出現在河口與沿岸海洋。 寬容的在 9個 ° 與 27個 ° C. 之間的溫度 形成小魚群。 (參考文獻 44894) 主要食草。 捕食絲狀的綠藻，微小的植物與動物以及碎屑。 也消費底棲的無脊椎動物。 卵生的, 卵是大洋性與非黏性物.(參考文獻 205) 產卵於河口中或在海上在夏天在向下游的遷移之後。 生殖高峰活動在二月。 性成熟在 4 年之後被達成在體長大約 30個公分。 最大的壽命是大約 14 年。 (參考文獻 44894)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
大洋洲: 喬治湖河向北至在澳洲的伯內特河。
Merrick, J.R. and G.E. Schmida, 1984. Australian freshwater fishes: biology and management. Griffin Press Ltd., South Australia. 409 p. (Ref. 2906)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 February 2019
人類使用
養殖: 商業性
更多資訊
年龄/大小成長長度-重量長度-長度長度-頻率形態測量圖型態特徵仔魚稚魚動力學入添量豐度BRUVS
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00558 - 0.02474), b=2.96 (2.79 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.3 ±0.20 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=4; Fec=1.1 million).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
