分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 293 m (Ref. 5951). 亞熱帶的; 46°N - 37°S, 98°W - 14°E
Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada south along the U.S., Bermuda, the Bahamas, throughout the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, and along South America to Uruguay (Ref. 114078). Eastern Atlantic: Canary Islands, Morocco to Angola (Ref. 109259) including Madeira (Ref. 3592).
西大西洋: 新斯科舍省 (加拿大) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到巴西 (參考文獻 7251), 包括巴哈馬，加勒比海, 安地列斯群島 (參考文獻 26938) 到烏拉圭.(參考文獻 47377) 東大西洋: 加納利群島到安哥拉.(參考文獻 3592)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 13.9, range 11 - ? cm
Max length : 36.9 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 124459); 最大体重: 364.20 g (Ref. 124459)
背棘 (总数): 2; 背的软条 (总数): 29-35; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 30 - 35
Found on sand or mud bottoms. Associated with Sargassum (Ref. 26340). Adults feed on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 5377). Edible but generally rejected by fishers (Ref. 5377).
栖息于沙或泥底部了。 伴随着 马尾藻 了。 (参考文献 26340) 吃底栖的无脊椎动物。 (参考文献 5377) 可食用的但是通常被渔夫拒绝了.(参考文献 5377)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 新斯科舍省 (加拿大) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到巴西 (參考文獻 7251), 包括巴哈馬，加勒比海, 安地列斯群島 (參考文獻 26938) 到烏拉圭.(參考文獻 47377) 東大西洋: 加納利群島到安哥拉.(參考文獻 3592)
Harmelin-Vivien, M.L. and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Monacanthidae. p. 1061-1066. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3592)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 10.2 - 27, mean 21.1 °C (based on 480 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01738 (0.01459 - 0.02069), b=2.91 (2.86 - 2.96), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.6 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.37;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.7 [10.6, 86.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.652 [0.305, 1.653] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.2, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.181 [0.082, 0.373] g/100g; Selenium = 23.7 [10.1, 58.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 31 [7, 140] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.845 [0.516, 1.429] mg/100g (wet weight);
