分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 3 - 60 m (Ref. 91172). 亞熱帶的; 38°N - 30°S, 180°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific from northern California to Chile and Hawaiian Islands; including the Galapagos Islands.
東太平洋: 舊金山，美國加州到卡亞俄，祕魯, 包括加拉巴哥群島。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9276)
Body compressed and deep; skin thick, with large, rectilinear, plate-like scales that are easily visible to the naked eye; mouth small; teeth strong and protruding, 8 in each jaw; dorsal fin with 3 spines and 26 to 28 rays; scales behind the gill openings larger than the neighboring scales; snout surrounded by scales (Ref. 55763).
身体扁长形的且深; 皮肤厚的, 有大的, 直线又板状的鳞片那是容易看得见的到裸露的眼; 嘴小的; 齿强的而且伸出, 8 在每个颌中; 背鳍有 3根棘与 26 到 28个鳍条; 在鳃裂后面的鳞片大于附近的鳞片; 吻被鳞片包围了。 (参考文献 55763)
Occurs in rocky reefs, boulder strewn slopes and adjacent areas of sand. Adults demersal; young pelagic (Ref. 2850). Feeds on sea urchins, small crustaceans and mollusks (Ref. 5227). Minimum depth 3m (Ref. 116844).
出现于沙子的岩礁，圆石散布的斜坡与毗连区域。 成鱼底栖; 幼鱼大洋性.(参考文献 2850) 吃海胆，小型甲壳动物与软件动物。 (参考文献 5227)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東太平洋: 舊金山，美國加州到卡亞俄，祕魯, 包括加拉巴哥群島。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
更多信息
参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.2 - 28.9, mean 25.8 °C (based on 76 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02630 (0.01678 - 0.04123), b=2.85 (2.72 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 6.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.3 [5.8, 48.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.482 [0.239, 1.121] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [18.1, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.169 [0.108, 0.270] g/100g; Selenium = 21.1 [8.4, 45.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.3 [5.9, 98.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.596 [0.382, 0.939] mg/100g (wet weight);
