Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Écologie
marin récifal; profondeur 10 - 140 m (Ref. 7251), usually 10 - 90 m (Ref. 5217). Tropical; 37°N - 34°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Ascension Island (Ref. 26340).
Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm ?, range 10 - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 5217)
Épines dorsales (Total): 0; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total): 79-94; Épines anales 0; Rayons mous anaux: 63 - 75. In males, the 1st and 2nd rays of the pectoral fin become filamentous (Ref. 35237).
Predator which lives on the bottom where it hides partially or almost completely in the sand in order to disguise itself in the environment. Feeds on small fish and invertebrates. Exhibits sexual dimorphism (Ref. 35237). Marketed fresh (Ref. 5217).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Oviparous (Ref. 101737). Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref. 101737).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: intérêt commercial mineur
Plus d'informations
RéférencesAquacultureProfil d'aquacultureSouchesGénétiqueElectrophoresesHéritabilitéPathologiesTraitementNutrientsMass conversion
Outils
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Sources Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.4 - 27.9, mean 25.6 °C (based on 874 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00581 - 0.01037), b=3.07 (3.01 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Résilience (Ref.
120179): Haut, temps minimum de doublement de population inférieur à 15 mois (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 62.3 [24.4, 124.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.593 [0.270, 1.084] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [15.1, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.0916 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 43.7 [22.6, 90.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 45.5 [11.9, 188.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.971 [0.632, 1.435] mg/100g (wet weight);
