分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 50 - 200 m (Ref. 47690). 熱帶; 32°N - 30°S, 30°E - 169°E
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, as far south as Durban in South Africa, to southern Japan and northeastern Australia, east to New Caledonia.
印度-太平洋: 東非到日本南部與澳洲東北方。 記錄自南中國海 (參考文獻 4883) 與阿拉弗拉海了。 (參考文獻 9819)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 14.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 47690); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 47690)
背棘 (总数): 3 - 4; 背的软条 (总数): 40-45; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 30 - 33. This species is distinguished by its very deep body, almost triangular, extremely compressed; sharp-edged breast; greatest body depth below lateral line at least 4 times greater than greatest body depth above lateral line; anal fin very long-based, commencing at point of insertion of pelvic fins, uniformly very low; dorsal spines (X in juveniles) reducing in number with increasing age. Colour of body with upper sides deep metallic blue, the rest silvery, a row of round to ovoid, dark slaty-blue spots above and below lateral line, sometimes a few additional spots above and below these rows; pelvic fins with a trace of blue, other fins hyaline or slightly dusky (Ref. 47690).
背棘随着年龄而消失; 深蓝色上方, 下面银白色的; 2-3 列的深色斑点在侧联机面与下面.(参考文献 4375)
Inhabits deeper coastal waters near the bottom on both the continental shelves and around major island groups; sometimes in river estuaries (Ref. 47690, 48635). Found in schools (Ref. 47690, 48635). Feeds on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 5213). Readily dries in air without salting (Ref. 4375, 48635). Caught in trawls and by beach seine, but mainly by trawling, often incidentally. Marketed fresh and dried (Ref. 47690). Minimum depth from Ref. 30573.
栖息于在底部附近的较深的沿岸水域在大陆架与主要的岛群周围; 有时在河口中.(参考文献 47690,48635) 成群出现.(参考文献 47690,48635) 吃底栖的无脊椎动物。 (参考文献 5213) 轻易地风乾而不须盐。 (参考文献 4375,48635) 在市场上销售生鲜地而且乾制了。 (参考文献 47690) 最小深度从参考文献 30573.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
印度-太平洋: 東非到日本南部與澳洲東北方。 記錄自南中國海 (參考文獻 4883) 與阿拉弗拉海了。 (參考文獻 9819)
Heemstra, P.C., 1984. Menidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 3. (Ref. 3465)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.8 - 27.6, mean 24.4 °C (based on 503 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02089 (0.00843 - 0.05176), b=3.04 (2.82 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.19-1.2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.4 [11.6, 61.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.484 [0.271, 0.908] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [18.2, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.205 [0.114, 0.368] g/100g; Selenium = 17.5 [7.8, 37.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 43.9 [10.1, 182.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.868 [0.548, 1.324] mg/100g (wet weight);
