分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Blenniiformes (Blennies) >
Labrisomidae (Labrisomids)
Etymology: Labrisomus: Greek, labrax, -akos = a fish, Dicentrarchus labrax+ Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Quoy & Gaimard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的 (Ref. 55747); 深度上下限 0 - 10 m (Ref. 27000), usually 0 - 5 m (Ref. 40849). 熱帶; 34°N - 34°S, 100°W - 11°E
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Florida (USA), Bahamas, and northern Gulf of Mexico to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Ref. 13628). Eastern Atlantic: Madeira (Ref. 13612), Canary Islands, and the coast of West Africa south to equatorial Guinea (Ref. 7404).
西大西洋: 百慕達群島,佛羅里達 (美國) ,巴哈馬與墨西哥灣北部到巴西里約熱內盧.(參考文獻 13628) 東大西洋: 馬得拉群島 (參考文獻 13612) ,加納利群島 , 與非洲西方部的海岸南至赤道幾內亞。 (參考文獻 7404)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 23.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251)
背棘 (总数): 18 - 19; 背的软条 (总数): 11-13; 臀棘 2; 臀鳍软条: 18 - 19; 脊椎骨: 11 - 13. Diagonal transverse row of cirri on a fleshy base on upper posterior part of each side of head; with 4 irregular dark brown bars; pale edged black spot on opercle; often a dark spot at front of dorsal fin; adult males with red on lower part of head, chest and abdomen (Ref. 13442). Robust, with a sharply pointed or sub obtuse head. Anterior nare is tubular and with an apical lid that prevents the penetration of sand particles (Ref. 94108).
在头部两侧的上面较后面的部分上的在一个肉质的基底上的触须的斜横跨列; 有四个不规则的深褐色的横带; 在鳃盖上的灰白的被边缘的黑色斑点; 时常在背鳍的前面一个深色的斑点; 在头部,胸与腹部的较下面的部位上雄性成鱼有红色。 (参考文献 13442)
Diurnal, bottom-dwelling species which occur in rocky and rubble shores with algal mats, reefs and seagrass beds. Generally at depths of a few cm (Ref. 13628). Usually seen resting in holes or crevices, and when disturbed quickly move to another crevice. This species is the largest of the labrisomids in the Caribbean region (Ref. 26938). Feed mainly on crustaceans and gastropods (Ref. 13628), brittle stars, sea urchins, fishes and polychaete worms (Ref. 13442). Oviparous, spawn in territories and exhibit paternal care of eggs (Ref. 55747). Larvae are pelagic which eventually settle down at the bottom as juveniles (Ref. 42064).
出现在的日行性又底栖的种岩石的与用海藻丛,礁与海草床的碎石海岸。 通常深度几公分.(参考文献 13628) 通常见到在洞或裂隙中休息, 而且当被惊扰时很快地移动到另一个裂隙。 这种是在加勒比海的区域中脂鳚科的最大的。 (参考文献 26938) 主要捕食甲壳动物与腹足动物 (参考文献 13628) ,海星,海胆, 鱼与多毛类的蠕虫。 (参考文献 13442) 卵生的, 产卵于领土中而且展现卵的父亲照料。 (参考文献 55747) 仔鱼是大洋性的那一个稚鱼时最后在底部安定下来。 (参考文献 42064)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Exhibits paternal care. Mating begins with three stages of courtship: 1) attraction and identification of prospective mate; 2) arousal and appeasement by nudging (the female initiates this move); 3) synchrony occurs when the female starts to rub the rocky wall in the spawning territory, quivering her body against the rock, shaking her anal fin and keeping her dorsal fin erect, the male meanwhile remained perpendicular, biting the sides of the female's body, dorsal fin and upper side of head, and sometimes rubbing her body laterally with his tail. Release of eggs and sperm follows as the male and female bodies quiver. Nest fanning by the male parent comes after this range of display. Driven out by the male, the female moves away from the spawning area while the male continues to patrol the nest, swimming in circular direction and defending the area against other fish. Each cycle lasts for 65.3 seconds, becoming shorter in duration when there are two females involved in the mating event. One cycle is followed by another after the male has returned from patrolling the nest (Ref. 55747).西大西洋: 百慕達群島,佛羅里達 (美國) ,巴哈馬與墨西哥灣北部到巴西里約熱內盧.(參考文獻 13628) 東大西洋: 馬得拉群島 (參考文獻 13612) ,加納利群島 , 與非洲西方部的海岸南至赤道幾內亞。 (參考文獻 7404)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.6 - 28.1, mean 27.4 °C (based on 940 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00494 - 0.01846), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Fec = 5,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (13 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 74.8 [46.2, 116.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.701 [0.438, 1.126] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [18.1, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.128 [0.085, 0.193] g/100g; Selenium = 23.6 [13.4, 41.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 95.9 [35.7, 258.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.59 [1.14, 2.15] mg/100g (wet weight);