分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Polynemidae (Threadfins)
Etymology: Polydactylus: Greek, poly = a lot of + greek, daktylos = finger (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Lay & Bennett.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 60 m (Ref. 91172). 亚热带的; 37°N - 12°S, 122°W - 77°W (Ref. 57343)
Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay, California, USA to Callao, Peru. One record from the Galapagos Islands. Rare north of Baja California, Mexico (Ref. 2850). Record from Chile (Ref. 9068) needs to be verified (Ref. 57343).
东太平洋: 蒙德勒海湾，美国加州到卡亚俄，秘鲁。 一个记录来自加拉巴哥群岛。 墨西哥的下加利福尼亚稀有北方.(参考文献 2850) 从智利 (参考文献 9068) 需要记录被查证。 (参考文献 57343)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.8 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 115882); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 55763)
背棘 (总数): 9; 背的软条 (总数): 11-13; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 13 - 15; 脊椎骨: 24. Body grayish, no stripes or spots. Lip on lower jaw well developed. Dentary teeth restricted to dorsal surface. Maxilla not covered with scales. Pectoral filaments 6; longest not reaching beyond level of posterior end of anal fin base. Lateral line bifurcated on caudal fin membranes, extending to posterior margins of upper and lower caudal fin lobes. Swim bladder present (Ref. 45049).
身体浅灰色又没有斑纹或斑点。 在下颌发展良好的上的唇。 齿骨齿局限于背面了。 颚骨不覆盖着鳞片了。 胸的丝状突起 6; 长的不超过臀鳍基底的后端的水平。 侧线在被延伸至上、下尾鳍叶的后缘的尾鳍薄膜上分叉了。 有泳鳔.(参考文献 45049)
Found in shallow water near the coast, on sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 9332). Larvae and small juveniles (>4 cm) are pelagic and sometimes occur several hundred kilometers offshore, whereas the larger juveniles and adults prefer shallow near-shore waters like bays, sloughs or estuaries where the bottom is sandy or muddy (Ref. 28023). Omnivorous, feeds on worms, sand crabs, shrimp, clams; sometimes feeds on fish like small anchovy (Ref. 28023). Esteemed food fish where it occurs (Ref. 57343). Also Ref. 55763.
在沙与泥底部上,发现于在海岸附近的浅水区了。 (参考文献 9332) 仔鱼与小的稚鱼 (>4 公分) 是大洋性的而且有时出现几百个公里外海, 然而较大的稚鱼与成鱼偏爱水浅的像底部是沙或泥泞的海湾，泥坑或者河口的近岸水域。 (参考文献 28023) 杂食性,吃蠕虫，沙子螃蟹，虾，蛤; 有时吃像小的鳀鱼鱼。 (参考文献 28023) 赞赏食用鱼在那里它出现.(参考文献 57343)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
东太平洋: 蒙德勒海湾，美国加州到卡亚俄，秘鲁。 一个记录来自加拉巴哥群岛。 墨西哥的下加利福尼亚稀有北方.(参考文献 2850) 从智利 (参考文献 9068) 需要记录被查证。 (参考文献 57343)
Motomura, H., 2004. Threadfins of the world (Family Polynemidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of polynemid species known to date. FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. Rome: FAO. 3:117 p. (Ref. 57343)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.5 - 29, mean 25.9 °C (based on 273 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00433 - 0.00962), b=3.06 (2.94 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 101 [51, 203] mg/100g; Iron = 1.13 [0.58, 2.10] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [18.6, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.402 [0.275, 0.617] g/100g; Selenium = 24.2 [12.8, 48.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.48 [3.93, 22.61] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.904 [0.619, 1.327] mg/100g (wet weight);
