分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes)
鱸形目 (Surgeonfishes) >
Pomacanthidae (Angelfishes)
刺蓋魚科 (Angelfishes)
Etymology: Holacanthus: Greek, holos = full + Greek, akantha = thorn (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 3 - 92 m (Ref. 9710), usually 3 - 35 m (Ref. 40849). 熱帶; 37°N - 29°S, 100°W - 28°W (Ref. 55266)
Western Atlantic: Georgia (USA), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Ref. 57756).
西大西洋: 喬治亞州 (美國) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到巴西聖保羅.(參考文獻 57756)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 15.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3797); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3797)
背棘 (總數): 14; 背的軟條 (總數): 17-19; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 18 - 20. Front of body yellow; remaining parts of body, dorsal fin, and front of anal fin black. Caudal fin entirely yellow (Ref. 26938). Front margin of anal fin and edge of gill cover orange; bright blue on upper and lower part of iris. The young of about an inch in length are entirely yellow except for a blue-edged black spot on the upper side of the body posterior to the midpoint; with growth the black spot soon expands to become the large black area covering most of the body and dorsal and anal fins (Ref. 13442).
身體黃色的前面; 身體的其餘部位，背鰭與臀鰭前面黑色。 尾鰭完全黃色.(參考文獻 26938) 臀鰭前緣與鰓蓋的邊緣橘色的; 淡藍色在虹膜的上、下部份上。 大約一吋長的幼魚完全黃色在身體的上側面上除了一個邊緣藍色的黑色斑點在中點後面; 與成長，黑色的斑點很快擴展變成包含的大部分的身體與背鰭與臀鰭的大的黑色區域。 (參考文獻 13442)
Inhabits rock jetties, rocky reefs and rich coral areas. Juveniles often associated with fire corals (Ref. 9710). Feeds on tunicates, sponges, zoantharians and algae. Marketed fresh (Ref. 3797).
棲息於岩石突堤，岩礁與珊瑚豐富的區域。 稚魚時常伴隨著火珊瑚.(參考文獻 9710) 吃被囊類，海綿，六枚珊瑚與藻類。 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。 (參考文獻 3797)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Protogyny has been proposed for this species awaiting confirmation (Ref. 103751).西大西洋: 喬治亞州 (美國) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到巴西聖保羅.(參考文獻 57756)
Allen, G.R., 1985. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. Vol. 2. 3rd edit. in English. Mergus Publishers, Melle, Germany. (Ref. 4858)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 28, mean 27.4 °C (based on 220 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03311 (0.01745 - 0.06285), b=2.89 (2.72 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 42.5 [21.5, 68.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.511 [0.313, 0.828] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.1, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.104 [0.067, 0.163] g/100g; Selenium = 37 [21, 69] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65 [18, 234] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.23 [0.86, 1.72] mg/100g (wet weight);
