分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Equetus: Latin, eques, -itis = horse, man in a horse, chevalier .
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 3 - 30 m (Ref. 9710). 熱帶; 36°N - 24°S, 98°W - 28°W
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, Florida (USA), and Bahamas to the Antilles (Ref. 26340) and Yucatan (Mexico) (Ref. 26938) to Brazil.
西大西洋: 百慕達群島，佛羅里達 (美國) 與巴哈馬到安地列斯群島 (參考文獻 26340) 與尤卡坦半島 (墨西哥)(參考文獻 26938) 到巴西。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26340); common length : 18.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (總數): 11 - 13; 背的軟條 (總數): 45-47; 臀棘 2; 臀鰭軟條: 6 - 8. First dorsal fin very high with short base. Second dorsal and caudal fins dark with white spots and dashes (Ref. 26938). Head white with two dark brown bars, one through eye, the other more posterior and more diagonal, extending across chest to pelvic fins; body white with a broad dark brown band beginning on front of first dorsal fin, curving across nape, above pectoral fin, and running to mid-base of caudal fin; two narrower dark stripes above and below this band (Ref. 13442). Mouth small, inferior, nearly horizontal. Spinous dorsal fin very elevated, higher than head length. Gas bladder simple, carrot-shaped without appendages. Sagitta (large earstone) near rounded and thick (Ref 51721).
第一背鰭很高的具有短的基底。 第二背鰭與尾鰭深色且有白色的斑點與間斷的線。 (參考文獻 26938) 頭部白色的有二條深褐色的橫帶, 一經過眼，另一個較向後與更多的斜線, 越過對腹鰭的胸延伸; 身體白色的有起點在第一背鰭的前面，越過後頸，胸鰭上方彎曲的一條寬的深褐色的條紋, 而且跑向尾鰭的基底中點; 二條比較狹窄的深色斑紋上面與下面這一條條紋.(參考文獻 13442) 嘴小的﹐下方的﹐和幾乎水平。 刺狀的背鰭非常升高的, 比頭長更高。 氣鰾單一的, 胡蘿蔔-形狀的沒有附肢。 矢耳石 (大的 earstone) 靠近圓的與厚的 (參考文獻 51721).
Occurs primarily on coral reefs. Secretive and usually solitary, under ledges or near small caves (Ref. 7251). Often seen during the day around the bases of corals (Ref. 26938). Feeds at night on crabs, shrimps, and polychaetes. Easily approached (Ref. 9710). Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35420).
主要地在珊瑚礁上生存。 躲躲藏藏而通常獨居性的, 岩架下或在小的洞穴附近.(參考文獻 7251) 時常出現在白天期間珊瑚的基底的周圍.(參考文獻 26938) 晚上捕食螃蟹，蝦與多毛類動物。 容易接近。 (參考文獻 9710) 曾經後面在繁殖場.(參考文獻 35420)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous (Ref. 240).西大西洋: 百慕達群島，佛羅里達 (美國) 與巴哈馬到安地列斯群島 (參考文獻 26340) 與尤卡坦半島 (墨西哥)(參考文獻 26938) 到巴西。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.3 - 28.2, mean 27.4 °C (based on 675 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00413 - 0.01752), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 71.3 [36.3, 115.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.657 [0.330, 1.112] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.3, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.136 [0.076, 0.205] g/100g; Selenium = 28.9 [17.2, 52.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 82.4 [27.2, 270.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.32 [0.92, 1.87] mg/100g (wet weight);
