Esox niger, Chain pickerel : gamefish

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Esox niger Lesueur, 1818

Chain pickerel
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Image of Esox niger (Chain pickerel)
Esox niger
Female picture by N. Burkhead & R. Jenkins, courtesy of VDGIF

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Esociformes (Pikes and mudminnows) > Esocidae (Pikes)
Etymology: Esox: From Greek, isox and also related with the Celtic root, eog, ehawc = salmon (Ref. 45335);  niger: niger meaning black (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Lesueur.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

; zoet water demersaal; pH range: ? - 22.0; standvastig; diepte ? - 6 m (Ref. 39106). Temperate; 10°C - 20°C (Ref. 2059); 46°N - 25°N

Verspreiding Landen | FAO regio's | Ecosystemen | Voorkomen | Point map | Introducties | Faunafri

North America: Nova Scotia, Canada (introduced) to southern Florida, USA; Gulf coast west to Sabine Lake drainage in Louisiana, USA; Mississippi River basin north to Kentucky and Missouri, USA. Introduced to Lakes Ontario and Erie drainages and elsewhere.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm ?, range 16 - ? cm
Max length : 99.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 5723); common length : 41.9 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 12193); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 4.3 kg (Ref. 4699); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 9 Jaren (Ref. 12193)

Korte beschrijving Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal): 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 17-21; Anale stekels 0; Anale zachte stralen: 11 - 13; Wervels: 49 - 54. Body rather slender, somewhat compressed, deepest near middle. Head large, naked, and depressed above, profile slightly concave over snout; snout long, broad, and rounded; mouth large, nearly horizontal; lower jaw projecting; maxillary extending to, or slightly beyond anterior margin of pupil. Lateral teeth on lower jaw and vomer enlarged. Cheek and opercle fully scaled. Gill rakers on lateral and media surfaces of arches. Pigmentation: Greenish above, sometimes very dark, venter pale; scales above with golden luster; laterally with light areas enclosed by dark chain-like markings; dark upper side interrupted by light vertical bars; suborbital bar almost vertical or with slight posterior slant; rays of dorsal, anal, pectorals, and pelvic fins with light interradial membranes, caudal fin base marbled with dark pigment, tips dusky; pupil of eye yellow.

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Live in vegetated lakes, swamps, and backwaters and quiet pools of creeks and small to medium rivers (Ref. 26373). Also found in deep, cold water with little or no vegetation (Ref. 39109, 39108). Adults migrate to deeper water during winter (Ref. 39110, 39097, 39111) undertaking shoreward spawning migrations soon after spring ice disappears (Ref. 39109). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Juveniles tend to lie motionless near shore or burrow themselves in mud beneath debris (Ref. 39112). Larvae hide among vegetation (Ref. 39113). Oviparous, with pelagic eggs.

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Oviparous (Ref. 205).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Crossman, E.J., 1996. Taxonomy and distribution. p. 1-11. In J.F. Craig (ed.) Pike biology and exploration. Chapman and Hall, London. 298 p. (Ref. 26373)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 December 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless





Gebruik door de mens

Sportvis: ja
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Meer informatie

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Internetbronnen

AFORO (otoliths) | Exoten/Invasieve soorten database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Bekijk FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genus, Soort(en) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genoom, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: ga naar, zoek | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5157   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00259 - 0.00884), b=3.07 (2.91 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  3.3   ±0.46 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (tm=1-4; tmax=9; Fec=936).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (58 of 100).