分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Carangiformes (Jacks)
鱸形目 (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Scomberoidinae
Etymology: Scomberoides: Greek, skombros = tunny or mackerel, 1623 + Greek, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 3197). 热带; 26°C - 29°C (Ref. 4959); 30°N - 31°S, 18°E - 143°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Hawaii, Marquesas, Line and Tuamoto islands, north to southern Japan, south to New South Wales and Rapa.
印度-太平洋: 红海而且东非到夏威夷, 马可萨斯岛 (参考文献 4225) 与 Tuamoto 岛, 北至日本南部, 南至新南韦尔斯与拉帕岛。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4225); common length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9987); 最大体重: 11.0 kg (Ref. 9987)
背棘 (总数): 7 - 8; 背的软条 (总数): 19-21; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 17 - 19.
6-8个双列的暗色斑块在侧联机面与下面; 背部叶中的末梢部的 1/2 不连贯且颜色很深.(参考文献 3197) 鳞甲不存在, 在背鳍与臀鳍结束的时候有一些半分离的离鳍, 而且被覆盖着极小的针状鳞片在一个硬皮嵌入。 (参考文献 37816)
Found only in relatively clear waters (Ref. 32693), adults in clear lagoon and seaward reefs, juveniles in shallow inshore and brackish waters (Ref. 9710). Pelagic (Ref. 58302). Mainly solitary but sometimes form small loose groups (Ref. 48635). Adults feed on small fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 5213) while juveniles feed on scales and epidermal tissues torn from other schooling fishes (Ref. 9710, 90102). Venom glands were not visible, not able to be confirmed in specimen (Ref. 57406). Utilized fresh, dried or salted or frozen (Ref. 9987).
发现只在相当清澈的水域 (参考文献 32693), 成鱼在清澈的舄湖与临海礁石中, 稚鱼在沿岸浅水区与半咸淡水域.(参考文献 9710) 主要独居性但是有时形成小的松散鱼群.(参考文献 48635) 成鱼吃小鱼与甲壳动物 (参考文献 5213) 而稚鱼吃从群游性鱼被撕开的鳞片.(参考文献 9710) 毒腺是看不见的, 不能在标本被确认.(参考文献 57406) 生鲜使用, 干燥或盐腌或冷冻的.(参考文献 9987)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Migrate to the outer reef slope to spawn several days after the full moon (Ref. 37816).印度-太平洋: 红海而且东非到夏威夷, 马可萨斯岛 (参考文献 4225) 与 Tuamoto 岛, 北至日本南部, 南至新南韦尔斯与拉帕岛。
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 诱饵: occasionally
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.2 - 29, mean 28 °C (based on 1708 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00824 - 0.01923), b=2.87 (2.74 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.67 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Prior r = 0.61, 95% CL = 0.40 - 0.91, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 34.6 [19.1, 65.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.738 [0.424, 1.301] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [19.1, 21.2] %; Omega3 = 0.154 [0.104, 0.251] g/100g; Selenium = 44.5 [26.4, 78.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 49.4 [15.4, 149.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.82 [0.58, 1.12] mg/100g (wet weight);
