分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Pristigasteridae (Pristigasterids)
Etymology: Chirocentrodon: Greek, cheir = hand + Greek, kentron = sting + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Poey.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水; 深度上下限 20 - 60 m (Ref. 12225). 熱帶; 24°N - 25°S, 90°W - 32°W (Ref. 188)
Western Atlantic: Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad; Panama and coasts of Venezuela, including off Orinoco mouth, Guyana, Suriname south to Ubatuba, near Santos, Brazil. Antilles and southern Caribbean from Yucatan to Santos, Brazil (Ref. 26938).
西大西洋: 古巴，海地，牙買加，波多黎各, 千里達; 巴拿馬與委內瑞拉的海岸，包括奧里諾科河河口外，蓋亞那 , 蘇利南南至巴西桑托斯附近的 Ubatuba 。 安地列斯群島與加勒比海南部從尤卡坦半島到巴西的桑托斯.(參考文獻 26938)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 7.6 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 16.1 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 118626); common length : 9.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大体重: 19.30 g (Ref. 118626)
背棘 (总数): 0; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 38 - 44. Belly with 16 or 17 (rarely 19) + 9 to 11, total 26 to 28 (rarely 30) scutes. Lower jaw not strongly projecting; strong conical teeth in both jaws, continued as large and small teeth along maxilla blade. Easily recognized by large, canine-like teeth in both jaws (Ref. 26938). Dorsal fin origin behind midpoint of body; anal fin moderately long, its origin below or in front of dorsal fin origin.
腹面有 16 或者 17(很少地 19)+9 到 11, 总计 26 到 28(很少地 30)个鳞甲。 下颌不是强烈突出; 强的锥形齿双颚内，当大而小的齿沿着颚骨叶片，继续。 容易地双颚内辨识特徵为大又像犬齿一样的齿了。 (参考文献 26938) 身体的背鳍起点中点后面; 臀鳍中等长度的, 在背鳍起点下面或前面的它的起源。
Occurs in coastal areas, but also in lagoons and off river mouths, perhaps entering water of lowered salinity (Ref. 12225). In Southwestern Atlantic preys on proportionally large clupeoid fishes and caridean shrimps. Fishes are distinctively folded in the stomachs of this herring, in about 90% of the cases with their heads and tails pointing head-wards the predator. This herring stands out as the only small-sized species among the predaceous fish-eating clupeiforms. The well developed canine-like teeth are likely related to a piscivorous diet and may play a role in the folding and orientation of fish during prey handling and swallowing (Ref. 51383). Spawns during the northern winter (Ref. 37032).
出现于沿岸区域, 也在泻湖与河口外中, 也许进入低盐度的水域.(参考文献 12225) 在大西洋西南部捕食比例大的鲱鱼与枪虾。 鱼特殊地在这一个鲱鱼的腹部被摺叠,在大约 90% 的情况和他们的头部与尾部指出头部-守护掠食者。 这一个鲱鱼突出如在食肉的吃鱼的 clupeiforms 之中的唯一体型小种。 发展良好的像犬齿一样的齿是与或许有关的一个以鱼为食的食性而且可能扮演一个角色在那折叠的与在操作和吞的猎物的时候鱼的方位.(参考文献 51383) 产卵于北方的冬天。 (参考文献 37032)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 古巴，海地，牙買加，波多黎各, 千里達; 巴拿馬與委內瑞拉的海岸，包括奧里諾科河河口外，蓋亞那 , 蘇利南南至巴西桑托斯附近的 Ubatuba 。 安地列斯群島與加勒比海南部從尤卡坦半島到巴西的桑托斯.(參考文獻 26938)
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.2 - 27.7, mean 27.1 °C (based on 45 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00427 (0.00298 - 0.00611), b=3.02 (2.92 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
