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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Clupanodon: Latin, clupea = sardine, derived from Clupeus = shield; doubtless a reference to the scales covering the body of the fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά); Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο; ανάδρομο (Ref. 51243); εύρος βάθους 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). Tropical; 41°N - 6°N, 98°E - 128°E (Ref. 188)
Northwest Pacific: China, apparently south to Viet Nam (Philippine records of Fowler appear doubtful). Eastern Indian Ocean: Specimens were recorded from Phuket Island, Thailand (Andaman Sea).
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.0 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 188)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά): 0; Εδρικές άκανθες 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 22 - 28. Body moderately deep; belly with 16 to 19 (usually 18) + 9 to 12 (usually 10 or 11) total 27 to 31 (usually 29 or 30) scutes; pre-dorsal scutes present, 17 to 26 (usually 20 to 25). gill rakers of first arch at least 3/4 length of gill filaments. Vertebrae 43 to 46 (usually 44 or 45). A dark spot behind gill opening, followed by further spots on flank.
Found in coastal waters and in rivers, presumably tolerating brackish water, if not fully fresh condition. More data needed.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά)
Περισσότερες πληροφορίες
Κοινά ονόματαΣυνώνυμαΜεταβολισμόςΘηρευτέςΟικοτοξικολογίαΑναπαραγωγήΓεννητική ΩρίμανσηΓεννοβολίαΣυναθροίσεις γεννοβολίαςΓονιμότηταΑβγάEgg development
ΑναφορέςΥδατοκαλλιέργειεςΠροφίλ υδατοκαλλιέργειαςΣτελέχοιΓενετικήElectrophoresesΚληρονομικότηταΑσθένειεςΜεταποίησηNutrientsMass conversion
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24 - 29, mean 27.4 °C (based on 184 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00531 - 0.01641), b=3.07 (2.92 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 3.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Assuming tm=1).
Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.79 - 1.79, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (78 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 190 [104, 334] mg/100g; Iron = 1.8 [1.1, 2.9] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.415 [0.238, 0.736] g/100g; Selenium = 38 [19, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 34.9 [15.0, 81.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.58 [1.12, 2.27] mg/100g (wet weight);
