分類 / Names
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Teleostei >
Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs)
鱸形目 (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches)
鱸科 (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335); crossopterum: From the words crosso, meaning fringed; and pteron, fin (referring to the fringed soft dorsal fin of nuptial males) (Ref. 10294).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性. 溫帶; 40°N - 35°N
North America: in lower Cumberland River drainage in Kentucky and Tennessee, USA; in the middle Duck River system in Tennessee, and Shoal Creek system in Tennessee and Alabama; and in Reelfoot Lakes tributaries in Tennessee.
北美洲: 在康勃蘭河下游河流域在肯塔基州與美國田納西州; 在中央的鴨子中在田納西州的河流域, 與在田納西州與阿拉巴馬州的淺灘小溪系統; 而且在田納西州的 Reelfoot 湖支流中。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 10.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5723)
Inhabits rocky pools and adjacent riffles of headwaters, creeks and small rivers (Ref. 5723); also found in streams (Ref. 10294). Feeds on aquatic insect immatures, including midge and caddisfly larvae and mayfly nymphs, and crustaceans, such as isopods, amphipods, and small crayfishes (Ref. 10294).
棲息於河川源頭,小溪與小河的岩石水池與毗連急流;(參考文獻 5723) 也發現於溪流。 (參考文獻 10294) 吃水生的昆蟲不成熟的, 包括蚊與石蠶幼生與孚游類蛹, 與甲殼動物例如等足目動物，片腳類動物與小的小龍蝦.(參考文獻 10294)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
北美洲: 在康勃蘭河下游河流域在肯塔基州與美國田納西州; 在中央的鴨子中在田納西州的河流域, 與在田納西州與阿拉巴馬州的淺灘小溪系統; 而且在田納西州的 Reelfoot 湖支流中。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 08 December 2011
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00235 - 0.01227), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
