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> Beloniformes (Needle fishes) > Exocoetidae (Flyingfishes)
Etymology: Exocoetus: Greek, exos = outside + Greek, koite = hole (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

laut; oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 0 - 20 m. Subtropical; 44°N - 36°S, 180°W - 180°E

Penyebaran Negara-negara | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ecosystems | Kemunculan | Point map | Introduksi | Faunafri

Widespread in tropical and subtropical zones of all oceans including the western Mediterranean Sea and part of the Caribbean Sea (Ref. 3720), probably absent in the inland seas of southeastern Asia (Sulawesi Sea, Sulu Sea, Flores, Banda, Ceram and Halmahera seas (Ref. 27313)), and the Benguela Current (Ref. 4498). Eastern Pacific: Mexico to central Chile; also the Galapagos and Hawaii. Western Pacific: Japan, Marshall Islands, Philippines, Australia (Ref. 5530), and Tahiti.

Size / Weight / umur

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 9987); common length : 20.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5217)

deskripsi pendek Morfologi | Morfometrik

Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)): 12-15; Duri dubur 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 12 - 14; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 43 - 46. Body dark, iridescent blue above, silvery white below; pectorals and caudal fin greyish, other fins not pigmented (Ref. 2797). Juveniles with or without black bars (Ref. 2797). Branchiostegal rays: 9-11 (Ref. 36606).

Adults occur in surface waters, both near and far from the coast (Ref. 5217). Form schools. Capable of leaping out of the water and gliding for long distances above the surface. Feed mostly on crustaceans and other planktonic animals. Preyed upon by swordfish, tunas and many other larger pelagic fishes (Ref. 9987). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 36606).

Life cycle and mating behavior Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva

Oviparous (Ref. 36606).

rujukan utama Upload your references | Acuan | Koordinator : Parin, Nikolay V. | mitra

Parin, N.V., 1996. On the species composition of flying fishes (Exocoetidae) in the West-Central part of tropical Pacific. J. Ichthyol. 36(5):357-364. (Ref. 27313)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)

kurang bimbang (LC) ; Date assessed: 28 January 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

ancaman kepada manusia

Harmless

penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: komersial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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semak penyelenggaraan akuarium | semak helaian fakta spesis | semak helaian fakta aqulcalture

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Sumber internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 23.2 - 29.2, mean 27.9 °C (based on 4828 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00292 - 0.01429), b=3.04 (2.84 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.0 ±0.09 se; based on food items.

Daya lenting (Ref. 120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).

kategori harga (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Exocoetus volitans Linnaeus, 1758