Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina; djupintervall 0 - ? m. Subtropical; 32°N - 23°N
Northwest Pacific: southern Japan and Taiwan (Ref. 5193). Not in Russia as in (Ref. 27863) (Parin, pers. comm.).
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 559)
Found in the neritic zone (Ref. 11230). Spawning school captured with gill-net in early summer. Common and commercially valued. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiell
Ytterligare information
PopulärnamnsynonymerMetabolikPredatorerEkotoxikologiReproduktionKönsmognadLekSpawning aggregationFecundityÄggEgg development
referenserVattenbrukVattenbruksprofilAvelslinjerGenetikElectrophoresesÄrftlighetSjukdomarBehandlingNutrientsMass conversion
MedarbetareBilderStamps, Coins Misc.LjudCiguateraHastighetSimsättGälytaOtolithsHjärnstorlekSyn
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.4 - 26.1, mean 24.5 °C (based on 123 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00292 - 0.01429), b=3.04 (2.84 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (Assuming tm=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 228 [83, 455] mg/100g; Iron = 1.76 [0.90, 3.98] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.6, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.319 [0.147, 0.878] g/100g; Selenium = 20.2 [8.9, 42.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.2 [5.5, 69.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.891 [0.607, 1.352] mg/100g (wet weight);