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Larvae Information Summary for  Lestidiops neles
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Main Ref: Ambrose, D.A. 1996
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm)     3.5 35950
Preanal L. % TL 72 24    
Place of development planktonic
Larval area California Current region
Yolk-sac       Ref:  
Yolk   Oil globules  
Rows on tail ventral row
Other melanophores on tail no other melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Pigmentation: forming on eyes, on body margin and finfold, primarily on ventral end of tail.
Post larvae
Striking feature duck-billed shape of head
Striking shape lateral normal (not striking) dorsal  
Striking feature duck-billed shape of head
Shape of gut elongated
Gas bladder   early absent late absent
Spinal armature   early no spines late no spines
Pigmentation early
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail more than two dorso-ventral clusters or bands
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Pigmentation late
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail more than two dorso-ventral clusters or bands
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Urostyle region   early pigmented late pigmented
Peritoneum with row of melanophores
Pectorals normal with few scattered melanophores
Pelvics fin rays only with melanophores
In flexion-preflexion larvae, lip pigment absent and caudal pigment extends into finfold; in postflexion larvae to juvenile stage, anus well behind and vertical from the insertion of the dorsal fin, 7-8 peritoneal pigment patches, and eye diameter decreases from 14% to about 10% of head length; nostrils over posterior tip of maxilla by transformation. Pigmentation: Preflexion: posterior to angle of lower jaw; on body margins and finfolds near origins of future dorsal fin and anal fin; heavy on end of tail; peritoneal patches increasing from 0 to 4. Flexion-postflexion: over brain; row along lower jaw; row on preopercle; 5-8 peritoneal patches, infraorbital row by postflexion. Transformation-juvenile: on fin rays, heavy on caudal and adipose, gradually scattering over dorsum, 7-8 peritoneal patches. Sequence of fin development: anal, dorsal, caudal, pectorals, pelvics, adipose.
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod     Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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