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Larvae Information Summary for  Scopelarchoides nicholsi
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Main Ref: Watson, W. and E.M. Sandknop 1996
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm) 4      
Preanal L. % TL 53 36    
Place of development planktonic
Larval area California Current region
Yolk-sac       Ref:  
Yolk   Oil globules  
Rows on tail  
Other melanophores on tail  
Post larvae
Striking feature other
Striking shape lateral normal (not striking) dorsal  
Striking feature other
Shape of gut elongated
Gas bladder   early absent late absent
Spinal armature   early no spines late no spines
Pigmentation early
Rows on tail ventral row
Other melanophores on tail tail with single melanophore
Melanophores on head + trunk no melanophores on head or trunk
Pigmentation late
Rows on tail ventral row
Other melanophores on tail tail with single melanophore
Melanophores on head + trunk no melanophores on head or trunk
Urostyle region   early unpigmented late unpigmented
Peritoneum with row of melanophores
Pectorals normal without melanophores
Pelvics fin rays only without melanophores
Single peritoneal pigment patch anteriorly until about 26 mm, then smaller pair of patches added at level of pelvics; single melanophores usually present posteriorly on ventral margins of hindgut and tail, laterally over middle of hypurals. Pigmentation: Preflexion-postflexion: large peritoneal patch over upper part of gut at level of pectoral fin; 0-2 (usually 1) on ventral margin of gut at level of pelvic fin buds (buds form during flexion stage); 0-few (usually 1) on ventral margin of tail in vicinity of myomeres 34-39; 1 laterally on each side over middle of hypurals by 8-9 mm. Transformation: series forms laterally on articular and dentary beginning posteriorly at 26 mm and spreading anteriorly; dorsally over brain and on snout and around eye between 32-36 mm; dorso- and ventrolaterally on tail beginning on caudal peduncle at about 30-32 mm and spreading cephalad; pair of peritoneal patches added at level of pelvic fins at 26-27 mm. Sequence of fin development: caudal, anal, pelvics, dorsal, pectorals.
Meristic characters
  max min mod Ref.
Total number of myomeres 48 45   35929
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod     Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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