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Larvae Information Summary for
Synodus foetens
| Main Ref: | Jones, P.W., F.D. Martin and J.D. Hardy Jr. 1978 | |||
Yolk-sac larvae
| max | min | mod | Ref. | |
| Length at birth (mm) | 2.5 | 39159 | ||
| Preanal L. % TL |
| Place of development | planktonic | |||
| Larval area | Mid-Atlantic Bight | |||
| Yolk-sac | Ref: | |||
| Yolk | unsegmented | Oil globules | ||
| Rows on tail | no rows | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | no other melanophores | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | melanophores on trunk | |||
| At hatching, snout very blunt. Pigmentation: Three to six ventrolateral spots present which are smaller than interspaces. | ||||
Post larvae
| Striking feature | none | |||
| Striking shape lateral | normal (not striking) | dorsal | tadpole-like | |
| Striking feature | none | |||
| Shape of gut | elongated | |||
| Gas bladder early | late | |||
| Spinal armature early | no spines | late | no spines | |
| Pigmentation early | ||||
| Rows on tail | no rows | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | tail with single melanophore | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | melanophores on trunk | |||
| Rows on tail | no rows | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | tail with single melanophore | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | melanophores on trunk | |||
| Pectorals | normal | |||
| Pelvics | normal (i.e. small or absent) | |||
| Body elongated with long gut and large mouth; adipose fin present; transformation occurs at a large size. Balloon inflation of the skin present up to about 7.0-10.0 mm. At 10.0 mm TL, auditory vesicle large, triangular, about equal to eye. In some specimens, fin rays all well-developed at 10.0 mm SL. In others at 10 mm TL, incipient dorsal, anal and pectoral rays present; pectoral with fleshy base; caudal somewhat bifurcate and apparently with definite rays. Origin of dorsal finfold in occipital region; preanal finfold small, short; urostyle oblique. Pigmentation: Six prominent ventrolateral peritoneal spots; a small spot at caudal base and another at anal insertion. | ||||
Meristic characters
| max | min | mod | Ref. | |
| Total number of myomeres | 61 | 56 | 68 | |
| Preanal number of myomeres | 42 | 4639 |
| L 1st feeding | Ref. | Months of presence of larvae | ||||
| max | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | ||
| min | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | ||
| mod | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | ||
| Water parameters Metric characters |
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