主要參考文獻 | White, B.N., R.J. Lavenberg and G.E. McGowen, 1984 |
模態 | dioecism |
受精 | internal (oviduct) |
Mating type | |
產卵頻度 | |
Spawning aggregation | 參考文獻 |
批次產卵者 | 參考文獻 |
生殖同功群 |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
Parental Care | none |
生命周期與交配行為的描述 | Pelvic fins in males modified to form part of a complex thoracic clasping organ (Ref. 205). |
搜尋有關繁殖更多的參考資料 | Scirus |