主要參考文獻 | Sadovy, Y. and T.J. Donaldson, 1995 |
模態 | protogyny |
受精 | external |
Mating type | monogamy:facultative |
產卵頻度 | |
Spawning aggregation | 參考文獻 |
批次產卵者 | 參考文獻 |
生殖同功群 |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
Parental Care | none |
生命周期與交配行為的描述 | Pelagic spawners (Ref. 31569). Monogamous mating is observed as both facultative and social (Ref. 52884). Also Ref. 103751. |
搜尋有關繁殖更多的參考資料 | Scirus |