Main Ref. | Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman, 1973 |
Mode | dioecism |
Fertilization | external |
Mating type | polyandry |
Spawning frequency | |
Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
Batch spawner | Ref. |
Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
Parental Care | none |
Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Spawning fish come close to shore in groups of 50-400. Groups are about 25 to 100 feet apart from each other. Females are crowded by 2 or more males into 1 or 2 inches of water by the shoreline and eggs and sperms are released. |
Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |