| 主要参考文献 | Godwin, J., 1995 |
| 模态 | dioecism |
| 受精 | external |
| Mating type | monogamy:facultative |
| 产卵频度 | |
| Spawning aggregation | 参考文献 |
| 批次产卵者 | 参考文献 |
| 生殖同功群 |
guarders nesters |
| Parental Care | paternal |
| 生命周期与交配行为的描述 | Benthic spawner. Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Monogamous mating is observed as both facultative and social (Ref. 52884). Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate (Ref. 205). Males guard and aerate the eggs (Ref. 205). While protogyny was originally proposed for this species, recent studies confirmed gonochorism in the form of non-functional hermaphroditism (Ref. 103751). |
| 搜寻有关繁殖更多的参考资料 | Scirus |