| Species | Name Used in Reference |
|---|---|
| Prochilodus argenteus Spix & Agassiz, 1829 | Prochilodus argenteus (p. ) |
| Prochilodus brevis Steindachner, 1875 | Prochilodus cearensis (p. ) |
| Prochilodus costatus Valenciennes, 1850 | Prochilodus affinis (p. ) |
| Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) | Prochilodus lineatus (p. ) |
| Prochilodus nigricans Spix & Agassiz, 1829 | Prochilodus nigricans (p. ) |
| Prochilodus vimboides Kner, 1859 | Prochilodus vimboides (p. ) |