| Scientific Name | Author | English Name |
|---|---|---|
| Anablepsoides amanan | (Costa & Lazzarotto, 2008) | |
| Anablepsoides amphoreus | (Huber, 1979) | |
| Anablepsoides atratus | (Garman, 1895) | |
| Anablepsoides bahianus | (Huber, 1990) | |
| Anablepsoides beniensis | (Myers, 1927) | |
| Anablepsoides bibosi | Valdesalici & Gil, 2019 | |
| Anablepsoides bondi | (Schultz, 1949) | |
| Anablepsoides cajariensis | (Costa & De Luca, 2011) | |
| Anablepsoides caurae | (Radda, 2004) | |
| Anablepsoides cearensis | (Costa & Vono, 2009) | |
| Anablepsoides chapare | Valdesalici & Gil, 2017 | |
| Anablepsoides christinae | (Huber, 1992) | |
| Anablepsoides cryptocallus | (Seegers, 1980) | |
| Anablepsoides deltaphilus | (Seegers, 1983) | |
| Anablepsoides derhami | (Fels & Huber, 1985) | |
| Anablepsoides elongatus | (Fels & de Rham, 1981) | |
| Anablepsoides erberi | (Berkenkamp, 1989) | |
| Anablepsoides fransvermeuleni | Valdesalici, 2015 | |
| Anablepsoides gamae | Costa, Bragança & Amorim, 2013 | |
| Anablepsoides gaucheri | (Keith, Nandrin & Le Bail, 2006) | |
| Anablepsoides hartii | (Boulenger, 1890) | Hart's rivulus |
| Anablepsoides henschelae | Costa, Bragança & Amorim, 2013 | |
| Anablepsoides holmiae | (Eigenmann, 1909) | |
| Anablepsoides igneus | (Huber, 1991) | |
| Anablepsoides immaculatus | (Thomerson, Nico & Taphorn, 1991) | |
| Anablepsoides intermittens | (Fels & de Rham, 1981) | |
| Anablepsoides iridescens | (Fels & de Rham, 1981) | |
| Anablepsoides jari | Costa, Bragança & Amorim, 2013 | |
| Anablepsoides jucundus | (Huber, 1992) | |
| Anablepsoides lanceolatus | (Eigenmann, 1909) | |
| Anablepsoides limoncochae | (Hoedeman, 1962) | |
| Anablepsoides lineasoppilatae | Valdesalici & Schindler, 2013 | |
| Anablepsoides luitalimae | Nielsen, 2016 | |
| Anablepsoides lungi | (Berkenkamp, 1984) | |
| Anablepsoides mazaruni | (Myers, 1924) | |
| Anablepsoides micropus | (Steindachner, 1863) | |
| Anablepsoides monticola | (Staeck & Schindler, 1997) | |
| Anablepsoides ophiomimus | (Huber, 1992) | |
| Anablepsoides ornatus | (Garman, 1895) | |
| Anablepsoides ottonii | Costa, Bragança & Amorim, 2013 | |
| Anablepsoides parlettei | (Valdesalici & Schindler, 2011) | |
| Anablepsoides peruanus | (Regan, 1903) | |
| Anablepsoides roraima | Costa, Bragança & Amorim, 2013 | |
| Anablepsoides rubrolineatus | (Fels & de Rham, 1981) | |
| Anablepsoides speciosus | (Fels & de Rham, 1981) | |
| Anablepsoides stagnatus | (Eigenmann, 1909) | |
| Anablepsoides taeniatus | (Fowler, 1945) | |
| Anablepsoides tessellatus | (Huber, 1992) | |
| Anablepsoides tocantinensis | (Costa, 2010) | |
| Anablepsoides urophthalmus | (Günther, 1866) | |
| Anablepsoides urubuiensis | Costa, 2013 | |
| Anablepsoides vieirai | Nielsen, 2016 | |
| Anablepsoides waimacui | (Eigenmann, 1909) | |
| Anablepsoides xanthonotus | (Ahl, 1926) | |
| Anablepsoides xinguensis | (Costa, 2010) | |
| Aphyolebias boticarioi | Costa, 2004 | |
| Aphyolebias claudiae | Costa, 2003 | |
| Aphyolebias manuensis | Costa, 2003 | |
| Aphyolebias obliquus | (Costa, Sarmiento & Barrera, 1996) | |
| Aphyolebias peruensis | (Myers, 1954) | Peruvian longfin |
| Aphyolebias rubrocaudatus | (Seegers, 1984) | |
| Aphyolebias schleseri | Costa, 2003 | |
| Aphyolebias wischmanni | (Seegers, 1983) | |
| Atlantirivulus depressus | (Costa, 1991) | |
| Atlantirivulus guanabarensis | Costa, 2014 | |
| Atlantirivulus haraldsiolii | (Berkenkamp, 1984) | |
| Atlantirivulus janeiroensis | (Costa, 1991) | |
| Atlantirivulus jurubatibensis | (Costa, 2008) | |
| Atlantirivulus lazzarotoi | (Costa, 2007) | |
| Atlantirivulus luelingi | (Seegers, 1984) | |
| Atlantirivulus maricensis | Costa, 2014 | |
| Atlantirivulus nudiventris | (Costa & Brasil, 1991) | |
| Atlantirivulus paranaguensis | Costa, 2014 | |
| Atlantirivulus ribeirensis | Costa, 2014 | |
| Atlantirivulus riograndensis | (Costa & Lanés, 2009) | |
| Atlantirivulus santensis | (Köhler, 1906) | |
| Atlantirivulus simplicis | (Costa, 2004) | |
| Atlantirivulus unaensis | (Costa & De Luca, 2009) | |
| Austrofundulus guajira | Hrbek, Taphorn & Thomerson, 2005 | |
| Austrofundulus leohoignei | Hrbek, Taphorn & Thomerson, 2005 | |
| Austrofundulus leoni | Hrbek, Taphorn & Thomerson, 2005 | |
| Austrofundulus limnaeus | Schultz, 1949 | |
| Austrofundulus myersi | Dahl, 1958 | |
| Austrofundulus rupununi | Hrbek, Taphorn & Thomerson, 2005 | |
| Austrofundulus transilis | Myers, 1932 | |
| Austrolebias accorsii | Nielsen & Pillet, 2015 | |
| Austrolebias adloffi | (Ahl, 1922) | |
| Austrolebias affinis | (Amato, 1986) | |
| Austrolebias alexandri | (Castello & López, 1974) | |
| Austrolebias arachan | Loureiro, Azpelicueta & García, 2004 | |
| Austrolebias araucarianus | Costa, 2014 | |
| Austrolebias bagual | Volcan, Lanés & Gonçalves, 2014 | |
| Austrolebias bellottii | (Steindachner, 1881) | Argentine pearlfish |
| Austrolebias botocudo | Lanés, Volcan & Maltchik, 2021 | |
| Austrolebias camaquensis | Volcan, Gonçalves & Lanés, 2017 | |
| Austrolebias carvalhoi | (Myers, 1947) | |
| Austrolebias charrua | Costa & Cheffe, 2001 | |
| Austrolebias cheffei | Volcan, Barbosa, Robe & Lanés, 2021 | |
| Austrolebias cheradophilus | (Vaz-Ferreira, Sierra de Soriano & Scaglia de Paulete, 1965) | |
| Austrolebias cinereus | (Amato, 1986) | |
| Austrolebias cyaneus | (Amato, 1987) | |
| Austrolebias duraznensis | (García, Scvortzoff & Hernández, 1995) | |
| Austrolebias elongatus | (Steindachner, 1881) | |
| Austrolebias ephemerus | Volcan & Severo-Neto, 2019 | |
| Austrolebias guarani | (Alonso, Calviño, Terán, Serra, Montes, García, Barneche, Almirón et al., 2023) | |
| Austrolebias gymnoventris | (Amato, 1986) | |
| Austrolebias ibicuiensis | (Costa, 1999) | |
| Austrolebias jaegari | Costa & Cheffe, 2002 | |
| Austrolebias juanlangi | Costa, Cheffe, Salvia & Litz, 2006 | |
| Austrolebias litzi | Costa, 2006 | |
| Austrolebias lourenciano | Volcan, Barbosa, Robe & Lanés, 2021 | |
| Austrolebias luteoflammulatus | (Vaz-Ferreira, Sierra de Soriano & Scaglia de Paulete, 1965) | |
| Austrolebias melanoorus | (Amato, 1986) | |
| Austrolebias minuano | Costa & Cheffe, 2001 | |
| Austrolebias monstrosus | (Huber, 1995) | |
| Austrolebias nachtigalli | Costa & Cheffe, 2006 | |
| Austrolebias nigripinnis | (Regan, 1912) | Blackfin pearlfish |
| Austrolebias nigrofasciatus | Costa & Cheffe, 2001 | |
| Austrolebias nioni | (Berkenkamp, Reichert & Prieto, 1997) | |
| Austrolebias nonoiuliensis | (Taberner, Fernández-Santos & Castelli, 1974) | |
| Austrolebias nubium | Lanés, Volcan & Maltchik, 2021 | |
| Austrolebias paranaensis | Costa, 2006 | |
| Austrolebias patriciae | (Huber, 1995) | |
| Austrolebias paucisquama | Ferrer dos Santos, Malabarba & Costa, 2008 | |
| Austrolebias pelotapes | Costa & Cheffe, 2017 | |
| Austrolebias periodicus | (Costa, 1999) | |
| Austrolebias pongondo | Costa & Cheffe, 2017 | |
| Austrolebias prognathus | (Amato, 1986) | |
| Austrolebias queguay | Serra & Loureiro, 2018 | |
| Austrolebias quirogai | Loureiro, Duarte & Zarucki, 2011 | |
| Austrolebias reicherti | (Loureiro & García, 2004) | |
| Austrolebias robustus | (Günther, 1883) | |
| Austrolebias toba | Calviño, 2006 | |
| Austrolebias univentripinnis | Costa & Cheffe, 2005 | |
| Austrolebias vandenbergorum | (Huber, 1995) | |
| Austrolebias varzeae | Costa, Reis & Behr, 2004 | |
| Austrolebias vazferreirai | (Berkenkamp, Etzel, Reichert & Salvia, 1994) | |
| Austrolebias viarius | (Vaz-Ferreira, Sierra de Soriano & Scaglia de Paulete, 1965) | |
| Austrolebias wichi | Alonso, Teran, Calviño, Garcia, Cardoso & Garcia, 2018 | |
| Austrolebias wolterstorffi | (Ahl, 1924) | |
| Campellolebias brucei | Vaz-Ferreira & Sierra de Soriano, 1974 | Swordfin killifish |
| Campellolebias chrysolineatus | Costa, Lacerda & Brasil, 1989 | |
| Campellolebias dorsimaculatus | Costa, Lacerda & Brasil, 1989 | |
| Campellolebias intermedius | Costa & De Luca, 2006 | |
| Cynodonichthys birkhahni | (Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1992) | |
| Cynodonichthys boehlkei | (Huber & Fels, 1985) | |
| Cynodonichthys brunneus | (Meek & Hildebrand, 1913) | |
| Cynodonichthys chucunaque | (Breder, 1925) | |
| Cynodonichthys elegans | (Steindachner, 1880) | |
| Cynodonichthys frommi | (Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1993) | |
| Cynodonichthys fuscolineatus | (Bussing, 1980) | |
| Cynodonichthys glaucus | (Bussing, 1980) | |
| Cynodonichthys godmani | (Regan, 1907) | |
| Cynodonichthys hendrichsi | (Álvarez & Carranza, 1952) | |
| Cynodonichthys hildebrandi | (Myers, 1927) | |
| Cynodonichthys isthmensis | (Garman, 1895) | |
| Cynodonichthys kuelpmanni | (Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1993) | |
| Cynodonichthys leucurus | (Fowler, 1944) | |
| Cynodonichthys magdalenae | (Eigenmann & Henn, 1916) | Magdalena rivulus |
| Cynodonichthys monikae | (Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1995) | |
| Cynodonichthys montium | (Hildebrand, 1938) | |
| Cynodonichthys myersi | (Hubbs, 1936) | |
| Cynodonichthys pacificus | (Huber, 1992) | |
| Cynodonichthys rubripunctatus | (Bussing, 1980) | |
| Cynodonichthys siegfriedi | (Bussing, 1980) | |
| Cynodonichthys sucubti | (Breder, 1925) | |
| Cynodonichthys tenuis | Meek, 1904 | Dogtooth rivulus |
| Cynodonichthys uroflammeus | (Bussing, 1980) | |
| Cynodonichthys villwocki | (Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1997) | |
| Cynodonichthys wassmanni | (Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1999) | |
| Cynodonichthys weberi | (Huber, 1992) | |
| Cynolebias akroa | Nielsen, Martins, Araujo, Lira & Faour, 2018 | |
| Cynolebias altus | Costa, 2001 | |
| Cynolebias attenuatus | Costa, 2001 | |
| Cynolebias elegans | Costa, 2017 | |
| Cynolebias gibbus | Costa, 2001 | |
| Cynolebias gilbertoi | Costa, 1998 | |
| Cynolebias gorutuba | Costa, 2017 | |
| Cynolebias griseus | Costa, Lacerda & Brasil, 1990 | |
| Cynolebias itapicuruensis | Costa, 2001 | |
| Cynolebias leptocephalus | Costa & Brasil, 1993 | |
| Cynolebias microphthalmus | Costa & Brasil, 1995 | |
| Cynolebias obscurus | Costa, 2014 | |
| Cynolebias ochraceus | Costa, 2014 | |
| Cynolebias oticus | Costa, 2014 | |
| Cynolebias paraguassuensis | Costa, Suzart & Nielsen, 2007 | |
| Cynolebias parietalis | Costa, 2014 | |
| Cynolebias parnaibensis | Costa, Ramos, Alexandre & Ramos, 2010 | |
| Cynolebias perforatus | Costa & Brasil, 1991 | |
| Cynolebias porosus | Steindachner, 1876 | |
| Cynolebias rectiventer | Costa, 2014 | |
| Cynolebias roseus | Costa, 2014 | |
| Cynolebias vazabarrisensis | Costa, 2001 | |
| Cynopoecilus fulgens | Costa, 2002 | |
| Cynopoecilus intimus | Costa, 2002 | |
| Cynopoecilus melanotaenia | (Regan, 1912) | |
| Cynopoecilus multipapillatus | Costa, 2002 | |
| Cynopoecilus nigrovittatus | Costa, 2002 | |
| Cynopoecilus notabilis | Ferrer, Wingert & Malabarba, 2014 | |
| Hypsolebias adornatus | (Costa, 2000) | |
| Hypsolebias antenori | (Tulipano, 1973) | |
| Hypsolebias auratus | (Costa & Nielsen, 2000) | |
| Hypsolebias brunoi | (Costa, 2003) | |
| Hypsolebias caeruleus | Costa, 2013 | |
| Hypsolebias carlettoi | (Costa & Nielsen, 2004) | |
| Hypsolebias coamazonicus | Costa, Amorim & Bragança, 2014 | |
| Hypsolebias faouri | Britzke, Nielsen & Oliveira, 2016 | |
| Hypsolebias flagellatus | (Costa, 2003) | |
| Hypsolebias flammeus | (Costa, 1989) | |
| Hypsolebias flavicaudatus | (Costa & Brasil, 1990) | |
| Hypsolebias fulminantis | (Costa & Brasil, 1993) | |
| Hypsolebias gardneri | Costa, Amorim & Mattos, 2018 | |
| Hypsolebias ghisolfii | (Costa, Cyrino & Nielsen, 1996) | |
| Hypsolebias gilbertobrasili | Costa, 2012 | |
| Hypsolebias guanambi | Costa & Amorim, 2011 | |
| Hypsolebias hamadryades | Costa, Amorim & Mattos, 2018 | |
| Hypsolebias harmonicus | (Costa, 2010) | |
| Hypsolebias hellneri | (Berkenkamp, 1993) | |
| Hypsolebias igneus | (Costa, 2000) | |
| Hypsolebias janaubensis | (Costa, 2006) | |
| Hypsolebias longignatus | (Costa, 2008) | |
| Hypsolebias lopesi | (Nielsen, Shibatta, Suzart & Martín, 2010) | |
| Hypsolebias lulai | Ramos, Nielsen, Abrantes, Lira & Lustosa-Costa, 2023 | |
| Hypsolebias macaubensis | (Costa & Suzart, 2006) | |
| Hypsolebias magnificus | (Costa & Brasil, 1991) | |
| Hypsolebias marginatus | (Costa & Brasil, 1996) | |
| Hypsolebias martinsi | Britzke, Nielsen & Oliveira, 2016 | |
| Hypsolebias mediopapillatus | (Costa, 2006) | |
| Hypsolebias nitens | Costa, 2012 | |
| Hypsolebias notatus | (Costa, Lacerda & Brasil, 1990) | |
| Hypsolebias nudiorbitatus | Costa, 2011 | |
| Hypsolebias picturatus | (Costa, 2000) | |
| Hypsolebias pterophyllus | Costa, 2012 | |
| Hypsolebias radiosus | (Costa & Brasil, 2004) | |
| Hypsolebias radiseriatus | Costa, 2012 | |
| Hypsolebias sertanejo | Costa, 2012 | |
| Hypsolebias shibattai | Nielsen, Martins, de Araujo & dos Reis Suzart, 2014 | |
| Hypsolebias splendissimus | Costa, 2018 | |
| Hypsolebias tocantinensis | Nielsen, Cruz & Baptista, 2012 | |
| Hypsolebias trifasciatus | Nielsen, Martins, de Araujo, de Lira & Four, 2014 | |
| Kryptolebias brasiliensis | (Valenciennes, 1821) | |
| Kryptolebias campelloi | (Costa, 1990) | |
| Kryptolebias caudomarginatus | (Seegers, 1984) | |
| Kryptolebias gracilis | Costa, 2007 | |
| Kryptolebias hermaphroditus | Costa, 2011 | |
| Kryptolebias marmoratus | (Poey, 1880) | Mangrove rivulus |
| Kryptolebias ocellatus | (Hensel, 1868) | |
| Kryptolebias sepia | Vermeulen & Hrbek, 2005 | |
| Laimosemion agilae | (Hoedeman, 1954) | |
| Laimosemion altivelis | (Huber, 1992) | |
| Laimosemion amanapira | (Costa, 2004) | |
| Laimosemion breviceps | (Eigenmann, 1909) | |
| Laimosemion cladophorus | (Huber, 1991) | |
| Laimosemion corpulentus | (Thomerson & Taphorn, 1993) | |
| Laimosemion dibaphus | (Myers, 1927) | |
| Laimosemion frenatus | (Eigenmann, 1912) | |
| Laimosemion geayi | (Vaillant, 1899) | |
| Laimosemion gransabanae | (Lasso, Taphorn & Thomerson, 1992) | |
| Laimosemion kirovskyi | (Costa, 2004) | |
| Laimosemion leticia | Valdesalici, 2016 | |
| Laimosemion lyricauda | (Thomerson, Berkenkamp & Taphorn, 1991) | |
| Laimosemion mabura | Valdesalici & Gil-Garcia, 2015 | |
| Laimosemion mahdiaensis | (Suijker & Collier, 2006) | |
| Laimosemion nicoi | (Thomerson & Taphorn, 1992) | |
| Laimosemion paryagi | Vermeulen, Suijker & Collier, 2012 | Paryag's killifish |
| Laimosemion rectocaudatus | (Fels & de Rham, 1981) | |
| Laimosemion romeri | (Costa, 2003) | |
| Laimosemion sape | (Lasso-Alcalá, Taphorn, Lasso & León-Mata, 2006) | |
| Laimosemion staecki | (Schindler & Valdesalici, 2011) | |
| Laimosemion strigatus | (Regan, 1912) | |
| Laimosemion tecminae | (Thomerson, Nico & Taphorn, 1992) | |
| Laimosemion torrenticola | (Vermeulen & Isbrücker, 2000) | |
| Laimosemion uakti | (Costa, 2004) | |
| Laimosemion uatuman | (Costa, 2004) | |
| Laimosemion ubim | Costa & Lazzarotto, 2014 | |
| Laimosemion xiphidius | (Huber, 1979) | |
| Leptolebias aureoguttatus | (da Cruz, 1974) | |
| Leptolebias citrinipinnis | (Costa, Lacerda & Tanizaki, 1988) | |
| Leptolebias itanhaensis | Costa, 2008 | |
| Leptolebias marmoratus | (Ladiges, 1934) | Marbled pearlfish |
| Leptolebias opalescens | (Myers, 1942) | Opal pearlfish |
| Leptolebias splendens | (Myers, 1942) | Splendid pearlfish |
| Llanolebias stellifer | (Thomerson & Turner, 1973) | |
| Maratecoara formosa | Costa & Brasil, 1995 | |
| Maratecoara gesmonei | Nielsen, Martins & Britzke, 2014 | |
| Maratecoara lacortei | (Lazara, 1991) | |
| Maratecoara splendida | Costa, 2007 | |
| Melanorivulus aithogrammus | Nielsen & Britzke, 2019 | |
| Melanorivulus amambaiensis | Volcan, Severo-Neto & Lanés, 2018 | |
| Melanorivulus apiamici | (Costa, 1989) | |
| Melanorivulus atlanticus | Costa, Bragança & Ottoni, 2015 | |
| Melanorivulus bororo | (Costa, 2008) | |
| Melanorivulus crixas | (Costa, 2007) | |
| Melanorivulus cyanopterus | (Costa, 2005) | |
| Melanorivulus dapazi | (Costa, 2005) | |
| Melanorivulus decoratus | (Costa, 1989) | |
| Melanorivulus egens | (Costa, 2005) | |
| Melanorivulus faucireticulatus | (Costa, 2008) | |
| Melanorivulus giarettai | (Costa, 2008) | |
| Melanorivulus illuminatus | (Costa, 2007) | |
| Melanorivulus imperatrizensis | Nielsen & Pinto, 2015 | |
| Melanorivulus interruptus | Volcan, Severo-Neto & Lanés, 2018 | |
| Melanorivulus ivinhemensis | Volcan, Severo-Neto & Lanés, 2018 | |
| Melanorivulus jalapensis | (Costa, 2010) | |
| Melanorivulus javahe | (Costa, 2007) | |
| Melanorivulus karaja | (Costa, 2007) | |
| Melanorivulus kayabi | (Costa, 2008) | |
| Melanorivulus kayapo | (Costa, 2006) | |
| Melanorivulus kunzei | Costa, 2012 | |
| Melanorivulus leali | Costa, 2013 | |
| Melanorivulus linearis | Costa, 2018 | |
| Melanorivulus litteratus | (Costa, 2005) | |
| Melanorivulus megaroni | (Costa, 2010) | |
| Melanorivulus modestus | (Costa, 1991) | |
| Melanorivulus nigromarginatus | Costa, 2018 | |
| Melanorivulus nigropunctatus | Volcan, Klotzel & Lanés, 2017 | |
| Melanorivulus ofaie | Volcan, Klotzel & Lanés, 2017 | |
| Melanorivulus paracatuensis | (Costa, 2003) | |
| Melanorivulus paresi | (Costa, 2008) | |
| Melanorivulus parnaibensis | (Costa, 2003) | |
| Melanorivulus pictus | (Costa, 1989) | |
| Melanorivulus pindorama | Costa, 2012 | |
| Melanorivulus pinima | (Costa, 1989) | |
| Melanorivulus planaltinus | (Costa & Brasil, 2008) | |
| Melanorivulus proximus | Costa, 2018 | |
| Melanorivulus punctatus | (Boulenger, 1895) | |
| Melanorivulus rossoi | (Costa, 2005) | |
| Melanorivulus rubromarginatus | (Costa, 2007) | |
| Melanorivulus rubroreticulatus | Costa, Amorim & Bragança, 2014 | |
| Melanorivulus rutilicaudus | (Costa, 2005) | |
| Melanorivulus salmonicaudus | (Costa, 2007) | |
| Melanorivulus scalaris | (Costa, 2005) | |
| Melanorivulus schuncki | (Costa & De Luca, 2011) | |
| Melanorivulus ubirajarai | Costa, 2012 | |
| Melanorivulus violaceus | (Costa, 1991) | |
| Melanorivulus vittatus | (Costa, 1989) | |
| Melanorivulus wallacei | Costa, 2016 | |
| Melanorivulus zygonectes | (Myers, 1927) | |
| Micromoema xiphophora | (Thomerson & Taphorn, 1992) | |
| Millerichthys robustus | (Miller & Hubbs, 1974) | Mexican rivulus |
| Moema apurinan | Costa, 2004 | |
| Moema beucheyi | Valdesalici, Nielsen & Pillet, 2015 | |
| Moema funkneri | Valdesalici, 2019 | |
| Moema hellneri | Costa, 2003 | |
| Moema heterostigma | Costa, 2003 | |
| Moema juanderibaensis | Drawert, 2022 | Juan Deriba killifish |
| Moema kenwoodi | Valdesalici, 2016 | |
| Moema nudifrontata | Costa, 2003 | |
| Moema ortegai | Costa, 2003 | |
| Moema pepotei | Costa, 1993 | |
| Moema piriana | Costa, 1989 | |
| Moema portugali | Costa, 1989 | |
| Moema quiii | Huber, 2003 | |
| Moema staecki | (Seegers, 1987) | |
| Mucurilebias leitaoi | (da Cruz & Peixoto, 1992) | |
| Nematolebias catimbau | Costa, Amorim & Aranha, 2014 | |
| Nematolebias papilliferus | Costa, 2002 | |
| Nematolebias whitei | (Myers, 1942) | Rio pearlfish |
| Neofundulus acutirostratus | Costa, 1992 | |
| Neofundulus aureomaculatus | Costa, 2015 | |
| Neofundulus guaporensis | Costa, 1988 | |
| Neofundulus ornatipinnis | Myers, 1935 | |
| Neofundulus paraguayensis | (Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903) | |
| Neofundulus parvipinnis | Costa, 1988 | |
| Neofundulus rubrofasciatus | Costa, 2015 | |
| Neofundulus splendidus | Nielsen & Brousseau, 2013 | |
| Notholebias cruzi | (Costa, 1988) | |
| Notholebias fractifasciatus | (Costa, 1988) | |
| Notholebias minimus | (Myers, 1942) | Barredtail pearlfish |
| Notholebias vermiculatus | Costa & Amorim, 2013 | |
| Ophthalmolebias ilheusensis | (Costa & Lima, 2010) | |
| Papiliolebias ashleyae | Nielsen & Brousseau, 2014 | |
| Papiliolebias bitteri | (Costa, 1989) | |
| Papiliolebias francescae | Valdesalici & Brousseau, 2014 | |
| Papiliolebias hatinne | Azpelicueta, Butí & García, 2009 | |
| Pituna brevirostrata | Costa, 2007 | |
| Pituna compacta | (Myers, 1927) | |
| Pituna obliquoseriata | Costa, 2007 | |
| Pituna poranga | Costa, 1989 | |
| Pituna schindleri | Costa, 2007 | |
| Pituna xinguensis | Costa & Nielsen, 2007 | |
| Plesiolebias altamira | Costa & Nielsen, 2007 | |
| Plesiolebias aruana | (Lazara, 1991) | |
| Plesiolebias canabravensis | Costa & Nielsen, 2007 | |
| Plesiolebias filamentosus | Costa & Brasil, 2007 | |
| Plesiolebias fragilis | Costa, 2007 | |
| Plesiolebias glaucopterus | (Costa & Lacerda, 1989) | |
| Plesiolebias lacerdai | Costa, 1989 | |
| Plesiolebias xavantei | (Costa, Lacerda & Tanizaki, 1988) | |
| Prorivulus auriferus | Costa, Lima & Suzart, 2004 | |
| Pterolebias hoignei | Thomerson, 1974 | |
| Pterolebias longipinnis | Garman, 1895 | Longfin killie |
| Pterolebias phasianus | Costa, 1988 | |
| Pterolebias zonatus | Myers, 1935 | |
| Rachovia brevis | (Regan, 1912) | |
| Rachovia fransvermeuleni | Berkenkamp, 2020 | |
| Rachovia hummelincki | de Beaufort, 1940 | |
| Rachovia maculipinnis | (Radda, 1964) | |
| Rachovia pyropunctata | Taphorn & Thomerson, 1978 | |
| Renova oscari | Thomerson & Taphorn, 1995 | |
| Rivulus azurescens | Vermeulen, 2013 | |
| Rivulus berovidesi | Silva, 2015 | |
| Rivulus carolinae | Vermeulen & Mejia-Vargas, 2020 | |
| Rivulus cylindraceus | Poey, 1860 | Green rivulus |
| Rivulus flammaecauda | Vermeulen & Mejia-Vargas, 2020 | |
| Rivulus formosensis | Costa, 2008 | |
| Rivulus insulaepinorum | de la Cruz & Dubitsky, 1976 | Isle of Pines rivulus |
| Rivulus pivijay | Vermeulen, 2013 | |
| Rivulus ribesrubrum | Vermeulen, 2013 | |
| Rivulus roloffi | Roloff, 1938 | Hispaniolan rivulus |
| Rivulus tomasi | Vermeulen, Valdesalici & Garcia-Gil, 2013 | |
| Rivulus xi | Vermeulen, 2013 | |
| Simpsonichthys alternatus | (Costa & Brasil, 1994) | |
| Simpsonichthys boitonei | Carvalho, 1959 | Lyrefin pearlfish |
| Simpsonichthys bokermanni | (Carvalho & da Cruz, 1987) | |
| Simpsonichthys cholopteryx | Costa, Moreira & Lima, 2003 | |
| Simpsonichthys constanciae | (Myers, 1942) | Featherfin pearlfish |
| Simpsonichthys delucai | Costa, 2003 | |
| Simpsonichthys fasciatus | Costa & Brasil, 2006 | |
| Simpsonichthys gibberatus | Costa & Brasil, 2006 | |
| Simpsonichthys margaritatus | Costa, 2012 | |
| Simpsonichthys multiradiatus | (Costa & Brasil, 1994) | |
| Simpsonichthys nielseni | Costa, 2005 | |
| Simpsonichthys nigromaculatus | Costa, 2007 | |
| Simpsonichthys ocellatus | Costa, Nielsen & de Luca, 2001 | |
| Simpsonichthys parallelus | Costa, 2000 | |
| Simpsonichthys perpendicularis | Costa, Nielsen & de Luca, 2001 | |
| Simpsonichthys punctulatus | Costa & Brasil, 2007 | |
| Simpsonichthys rosaceus | Costa, Nielsen & de Luca, 2001 | |
| Simpsonichthys rufus | Costa, Nielsen & de Luca, 2001 | |
| Simpsonichthys santanae | (Shibatta & Garavello, 1992) | |
| Simpsonichthys similis | Costa & Hellner, 1999 | |
| Simpsonichthys stellatus | (Costa & Brasil, 1994) | |
| Simpsonichthys suzarti | Costa, 2004 | |
| Simpsonichthys trilineatus | (Costa & Brasil, 1994) | |
| Simpsonichthys virgulatus | Costa & Brasil, 2006 | |
| Simpsonichthys zonatus | (Costa & Brasil, 1990) | |
| Spectrolebias brousseaui | Nielsen, 2013 | |
| Spectrolebias chacoensis | (Amato, 1986) | |
| Spectrolebias costai | (Lazara, 1991) | |
| Spectrolebias filamentosus | (Costa, Barrera & Sarmiento, 1997) | |
| Spectrolebias gracilis | Costa & Amorim, 2018 | |
| Spectrolebias inaequipinnatus | (Costa & Brasil, 2008) | |
| Spectrolebias pilleti | Nielsen & Brousseau, 2013 | |
| Spectrolebias reticulatus | (Costa & Nielsen, 2003) | |
| Spectrolebias semiocellatus | Costa & Nielsen, 1997 | |
| Stenolebias bellus | Costa, 1995 | |
| Stenolebias damascenoi | (Costa, 1991) | |
| Terranatos dolichopterus | (Weitzman & Wourms, 1967) | Saberfin killie |
| Trigonectes aplocheiloides | Huber, 1995 | |
| Trigonectes balzanii | (Perugia, 1891) | |
| Trigonectes macrophthalmus | Costa, 1990 | |
| Trigonectes rogoaguae | (Pearson & Myers, 1924) | |
| Trigonectes rubromarginatus | Costa, 1990 | |
| Trigonectes strigabundus | Myers, 1925 | |
| Xenurolebias cricarensis | Costa, 2014 | |
| Xenurolebias izecksohni | (Da Cruz, 1983) | |
| Xenurolebias myersi | (Carvalho, 1971) | |
| Xenurolebias pataxo | Costa, 2014 |