n = 11
| Scientific Name | Author | Valid Name | Family | English Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leptolebias aureoguttatus | (da Cruz, 1974) | Leptolebias aureoguttatus | Rivulidae | |
| Leptolebias citrinipinnis | (Costa, Lacerda & Tanizaki, 1988) | Leptolebias citrinipinnis | Rivulidae | |
| Leptolebias cruzi | (Costa, 1988) | Notholebias cruzi | Rivulidae | |
| Leptolebias elegans | (Ladiges, 1958) | Nematolebias whitei | Rivulidae | Rio pearlfish |
| Leptolebias fractifasciatus | (Costa, 1988) | Notholebias fractifasciatus | Rivulidae | |
| Leptolebias itanhaensis | Costa, 2008 | Leptolebias itanhaensis | Rivulidae | |
| Leptolebias leitaoi | (da Cruz & Peixoto, 1992) | Mucurilebias leitaoi | Rivulidae | |
| Leptolebias marmoratus | (Ladiges, 1934) | Leptolebias marmoratus | Rivulidae | Marbled pearlfish |
| Leptolebias minimus | (Myers, 1942) | Notholebias minimus | Rivulidae | Barredtail pearlfish |
| Leptolebias opalescens | (Myers, 1942) | Leptolebias opalescens | Rivulidae | Opal pearlfish |
| Leptolebias splendens | (Myers, 1942) | Leptolebias splendens | Rivulidae | Splendid pearlfish |