n = 48
| Scientific Name | Author | Valid Name | Family | English Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prochilodus affinis | Lütken, 1875 | Prochilodus costatus | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus amazonensis | Fowler, 1906 | Semaprochilodus insignis | Prochilodontidae | Kissing prochilodus |
| Prochilodus argenteus | Spix & Agassiz, 1829 | Prochilodus argenteus | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus asper | Lütken, 1875 | Prochilodus reticulatus | Prochilodontidae | Netted prochilod |
| Prochilodus asper magdalenae | Steindachner, 1879 | Prochilodus magdalenae | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus beani | Eigenmann, 1907 | Prochilodus magdalenae | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus beni | Pearson, 1924 | Prochilodus nigricans | Prochilodontidae | Black prochilodus |
| Prochilodus brama | Valenciennes, 1850 | Semaprochilodus brama | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus brevis | Steindachner, 1875 | Prochilodus brevis | Prochilodontidae | Brazilian bocachico |
| Prochilodus britskii | Castro, 1993 | Prochilodus britskii | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus caudifasciatus | Starks, 1906 | Prochilodus nigricans | Prochilodontidae | Black prochilodus |
| Prochilodus cearaensis | Steindachner, 1911 | Prochilodus brevis | Prochilodontidae | Brazilian bocachico |
| Prochilodus cearensis | Steindachner, 1911 | Prochilodus brevis | Prochilodontidae | Brazilian bocachico |
| Prochilodus cephalotes | Cope, 1878 | Prochilodus nigricans | Prochilodontidae | Black prochilodus |
| Prochilodus corimbata | (Natterer, 1859) | Prochilodus vimboides | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus costatus | Valenciennes, 1850 | Prochilodus costatus | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus eigenmanni | Ahl, 1937 | Prochilodus magdalenae | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus hartii | Steindachner, 1875 | Prochilodus harttii | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus harttii | Steindachner, 1875 | Prochilodus harttii | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus humboldti | Valenciennes, 1850 | Hemiodus amazonum | Hemiodontidae | |
| Prochilodus humeralis | Günther, 1860 | Ichthyoelephas humeralis | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus insignis | Jardine, 1841 | Semaprochilodus insignis | Prochilodontidae | Kissing prochilodus |
| Prochilodus kneri | Pellegrin, 1909 | Semaprochilodus kneri | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus labeo | Loubens, Lauzanne & Géry, 1991 | Prochilodus nigricans | Prochilodontidae | Black prochilodus |
| Prochilodus lacustris | Steindachner, 1907 | Prochilodus lacustris | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus laticeps | Steindachner, 1879 | Semaprochilodus laticeps | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus lineatus | (Valenciennes, 1837) | Prochilodus lineatus | Prochilodontidae | Streaked prochilod |
| Prochilodus longirostris | Steindachner, 1879 | Ichthyoelephas longirostris | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus magdalenae | Steindachner, 1879 | Prochilodus magdalenae | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus mariae | Eigenmann, 1922 | Prochilodus mariae | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus maripicru | Eigenmann, 1912 | Prochilodus rubrotaeniatus | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus nigricans | Spix & Agassiz, 1829 | Prochilodus nigricans | Prochilodontidae | Black prochilodus |
| Prochilodus oligolepis | Günther, 1864 | Prochilodus vimboides | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus ortonianus | Cope, 1878 | Prochilodus nigricans | Prochilodontidae | Black prochilodus |
| Prochilodus platensis | Holmberg, 1891 | Prochilodus lineatus | Prochilodontidae | Streaked prochilod |
| Prochilodus pterostigma | Fowler, 1913 | Steindachnerina bimaculata | Curimatidae | |
| Prochilodus reticulatus | Valenciennes, 1850 | Prochilodus reticulatus | Prochilodontidae | Netted prochilod |
| Prochilodus reticulatus magdalenae | Steindachner, 1879 | Prochilodus magdalenae | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus reticulatus reticulatus | Valenciennes, 1850 | Prochilodus reticulatus | Prochilodontidae | Netted prochilod |
| Prochilodus rubrotaeniatus | Jardine, 1841 | Prochilodus rubrotaeniatus | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus scrofa | Steindachner, 1881 | Prochilodus lineatus | Prochilodontidae | Streaked prochilod |
| Prochilodus scrofu | Steindachner, 1881 | Prochilodus lineatus | Prochilodontidae | Streaked prochilod |
| Prochilodus steindachneri | Fowler, 1906 | Prochilodus vimboides | Prochilodontidae | |
| Prochilodus stigmaturus | Fowler, 1911 | Steindachnerina dobula | Curimatidae | |
| Prochilodus taeniurus | (Valenciennes, 1821) | Semaprochilodus taeniurus | Prochilodontidae | Silver prochilodus |
| Prochilodus theraponura | Fowler, 1906 | Semaprochilodus insignis | Prochilodontidae | Kissing prochilodus |
| Prochilodus tigris | (Fowler, 1913) | Prochilodus nigricans | Prochilodontidae | Black prochilodus |
| Prochilodus vimboides | Kner, 1859 | Prochilodus vimboides | Prochilodontidae |